Officers and Members of Company in UK Law
- corporate governance
- corporate veil
- de facto director
- directors duties
- disqualification of director
- fit and proper
- lifting the corporate veil
- minority oppression
- minority shareholders
- nominee director
- oppression of shareholders
- piercing the corporate veil
- piercing the veil
- shadow director
- shareholders agreement
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Ebrahimi v Westbourne Galleries Ltd; Re Westbourne Galleries Ltd
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The words are a recognition of the fact that a limited company is more than a mere judicial entity, with a personality in law of its own: that there is room in company law for recognition of the fact that behind it, or amongst it, there are individuals, with rights, expectations and obligations inter se which are not necessarily submerged in the company structure.
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Tesco Supermarkets Ltd v Nattrass
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A corporation has none of these: it must act through living persons, though not always one or the same person. Then the person who acts is not speaking or acting for the company. He is acting as the company and his mind which directs his acts is the mind of the company. He is an embodiment of the company or, one could say, he hears and speaks through the persona of the company, within his appropriate sphere, and his mind is the mind of the company.
Normally the Board of Directors, the Managing Director and perhaps other superior officers of a company carry out the functions of management and speak and act as the company. But the Board of Directors may delegate some part of their functions of management giving to their delegate full discretion to act independently of instructions from them.
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Morris v Kanssen, sub nom Kanssen v Rialto (West End) Ltd
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The wheels of business will not go smoothly round unless it may be assumed that that is in order which appears to be in order. It is a rule designed for the protection of those who are entitled to assume, just because they cannot know, that the person with whom they deal has the authority which he claims. This is clearly shown by the fact that the rule cannot be invoked if the condition is no longer satisfied, that is, if he who would invoke it is put upon his enquiry.
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Locobail (U.K.) Ltd v Bayfield Properties Ltd
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By contrast, a real danger of bias might well be thought to arise if there were personal friendship or animosity between the judge and any member of the public involved in the case; or if the judge were closely acquainted with any member of the public involved in the case, particularly if the credibility of that individual could be significant in the decision of the case; or if, in a case where the credibility of any individual were an issue to be decided by the judge, he had in a previous case rejected the evidence of that person in such outspoken terms as to throw doubt on his ability to approach such person's evidence with an open mind on any later occasion; or if on any question at issue in the proceedings before him the judge had expressed views, particularly in the course of the hearing, in such extreme and unbalanced terms as to throw doubt on his ability to try the issue with an objective judicial mind (see Vakauta v. Kelly (1989) 167 CLR 568); or if, for any other reason, there were real ground for doubting the ability of the judge to ignore extraneous considerations, prejudices and predilections and bring an objective judgment to bear on the issues before him.
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Regal (Hastings) Ltd v Gulliver
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The rule of equity which insists on those who by use of a fiduciary position make a profit, being liable to account for that profit, in no way depends on fraud, or absence of bona fides; or upon such questions or considerations as whether the profit would or should otherwise have gone to the Plaintiff, or whether the profiteer was under a duty to obtain the source of the profit for the Plaintiff, or whether he took a risk, or acted as he did for the benefit of the Plaintiff, or whether the Plaintiff has in fact been damaged or benefited by his action.
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Caparo Industries Plc v Dickman
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What emerges is that, in addition to the foreseeability of damage, necessary ingredients in any situation giving rise to a duty of care are that there should exist between the party owing the duty and the party to whom it is owed a relationship characterised by the law as one of "proximity" or "neighbourhood" and that the situation should be one in which the court considers it fair, just and reasonable that the law should impose a duty of a given scope upon the one party for the benefit of the other.
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Banking Act 2009
... ... or solvency of a bank, a banking group company or a group which includes a bank, other ... 1(1) ... 7A: Effect on other group members, financial stability in UKetc ... (1) Where the ... operator’s or service provider’s officers and staff) has immunity from liability in damages ... ...
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Insolvency Act 1986
... ... to consolidate the enactments relating to company insolvency and winding up (including the winding ... harmed the interests of its creditors or members generally or of some part of its creditors or ... A48: Prosecution of delinquent officers of company ... (1) This section applies where a ... ...
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Companies Act 1948
... ... Mode of forming incorporated company. 1 Mode of forming incorporated company ... ) a company having the liability of its members limited ... by the memorandum to the amount, if ... officers and servants ... Power to close register. 115 ... ...
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Finance Act 2022
... ... of this section deal with a case where a company" has an accounting period (a “straddling period\xE2\x80" ... (5) (whether or not other persons may be members of such a scheme) , or(b) is established solely ... who is, or is a member of a class of officers who are, authorised by the Commissioners for the ... ...
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Who is Running British Manufacturing?
Reviews the “qualifications” of the main board directors in 55 of the UK′s largest manufacturing companies. Examines the performance of these companies to determine whether there is any possible as...... ... by better qualified chief executive officers tend to be more profitable. For over a decade, ... profiles of their existing "top team" members and company profitability. The UK Economy in 1991 ... ...
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Limited liability partnerships regulations 2001 (SI 2001/1090), extracts
... ... 4 MEMBERS ... … (2) Any other person may become a ... PART II ... MODIFICATIONS TO THE COMPANY DIRECTORS DISQUALIFICATION ACT 1986 ... Part ... Section 218 (prosecution of delinquent officers and members of company) ... subsection (1) For ... ...
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Valuing intellectual capital of innovative start‐ups
Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to contribute to the theory of intellectual capital (IC) with the new IC valuation method based on the economic value added (EVA®) concept as well as to p...... ... calculating fair share of an innovative company’sshareholdings. The method reflects the risk ... and their graphical representation, hence,members of the IC community who seek more practical ... ...
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Money-laundering: Martin Nimmo explains the position of trust and company service providers under the UK Money Laundering Regulations 2007.
... ... Members in practice have already been told that, unless they have arranged to be ... that match directors or secretaries to companies seeking such officers may also have to consider registering ... The largest group of CIMA ... ...
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Tribunal Awards India First BIT Case Win, Dismissing Claims Of French Investor
... ... Following the alleged armed kidnapping of company officers and members of an officer's family, the ... ...
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Guest Post: Stronger UK Pensions Regulator: Risks for Directors and Officers
In the following guest post, Tristan Hall, Andrew Milne, and Emma Boulding of the CMS Cameron McKenna Nabarro Olswang LLP law firm take a look at the increased risks to directors and officers in th...
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Modern slavery directors personally liable for employee exploitation
The High Court has held a company’s officers personally, jointly and severally liable to its employees as victims of modern slavery. The officers had deliberately and systematically utilised coerci......The High Court has held a company’s officers personally, jointly and severally ... of a company for the benefit of its members as a whole and to exercise reasonable care, skill ... ...
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Data Protection Officers Must Not Have A Conflict Of Interest Part 2
... ... Companies may choose to appoint an employee of the company as an internal DPO or a professional data privacy advisor as an external ... the position in its recent activity report (German only) that members of the legal department may in certain cases have a conflict of interest ... ...