Parties to Crime in UK Law

Leading Cases
  • Jennings v Crown Prosecution Service
    • House of Lords
    • 14 May 2008

    The rationale of the confiscation regime is that the defendant is deprived of what he has gained or its equivalent. He cannot, and should not, be deprived of what he has never obtained or its equivalent, because that is a fine. This must ordinarily mean that he has obtained property so as to own it, whether alone or jointly, which will ordinarily connote a power of disposition or control, as where a person directs a payment or conveyance of property to someone else.

  • R v Anderson (William Ronald)
    • House of Lords
    • 11 July 1985

  • Jennings v Crown Prosecution Service
    • Court of Appeal (Civil Division)
    • 24 June 2005

    contemplates that the defendant in question should have been instrumental in getting the property out of the crime. Not necessarily the only cause: there may, plainly, be other actors playing their parts. All that is required is that the defendant's acts should have contributed, to a non-trivial (that is, not de minimis) extent, to the getting of the property. This is no more than an instance of the common law's conventional approach to questions of causation.

  • R v Beck
    • Court of Appeal (Criminal Division)
    • 02 December 1981

    While we in no way wish to detract from the obligation upon a Judge to advise a jury to proceed with caution where there is material to suggest that a witness's evidence may be tainted by an improper motive, and the strength of that advice must vary according to the facts of the case, we cannot accept that there is any obligation to give the accomplice warning with all that entails, when it is common ground that there is no basis for suggesting that the witness is a participant or in any way involved in the crime the subject matter of the trial.

  • Crofter Hand Woven Harris Tweed Company v Veitch
    • House of Lords
    • 15 December 1941

    Conspiracy, when regarded as a crime, is the agreement of two or more persons to effect any unlawful purpose, whether as their ultimate aim, or only as a means to it, and the crime is complete if there is such agreement, even though nothing is done in pursuance of it.

  • Davies v DPP
    • House of Lords
    • 15 January 1954

    But there are other cases within this field in which there is evidence on which a reasonable jury could find that a witness was a "participant". In such a case the issue of " accomplice vel non" is for the jury's decision: and a Judge should direct them that if they consider on the evidence, that the witness was an accomplice, it is dangerous for them to act on his evidence unless corroborated: though it is competent for them to do so if, after that warning, they still think fit to do so.

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Legislation
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Books & Journal Articles
  • Recent Book: Criminal Law: Text and Materials
    • No. 58-4, October 1985
    • Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles
    • 0000
    ... ... rea toactus reus, general defences, causation, inchoate offences, parties to crime, non-fatal offences against the person, homicide, concluding with ... ...
  • Recent Book: Human Rights and the Police
    • No. 58-4, October 1985
    • Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles
    • 0000
    ... ... rea toactus reus, general defences, causation, inchoate offences, parties to crime, non-fatal offences against the person, homicide, concluding with ... ...
  • The Future of Joint-up Thinking
    • No. 79-3, June 2015
    • Journal of Criminal Law, The
    • 0000
    The law of secondary liability continues to trouble defendants, victims, politicians, practitioners, judges, academics and laypeople. In a recent report, the House of Commons Justice Select Committ...
    ... ... merely because he foresaw achance that the principal might commit a crime. This article discusses the report, analyses thesubstantive law in issue ... Within the general picture, the JSC thinks that secondary parties to murder charges needparticular and urgent review.The Report is a timely ... ...
  • Strengthening the role of lawyers and other professional advisers in addressing economic and financial crimes in Indonesia
    • No. 26-4, October 2019
    • Journal of Financial Crime
    • 1107-1116
    Purpose: This paper aims to explain the regulations in Indonesia that apply to lawyers and other professional advisers in terms of their obligations as reporting parties of suspicious financial tra...
    ... ... advisers in terms of their obligations as reporting parties of suspicious financial transactionswith respect to money launderingand ... businesstransactions.The results could lead to bribery, graft,tax crime and corruption in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approach –This paper ... ...
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Law Firm Commentaries
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Forms
  • guidance
    • HM Courts & Tribunals Service court and tribunal forms
    Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery Chamber) forms and guidance documents including the judicial review form.
    ... ... Appeals by HM Revenue and Customs, the Serious Organised Crime Agency or the Charity ... Commission ... Before you can appeal – page 6 ... Tax payers, businesses and public bodies who are parties at the First-tier Tribunal can ... appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Tax and ... ...
  • Apply to extend a representation order
    • HM Courts & Tribunals Service court and tribunal forms
    Crown Court forms including the form to extend a representation order.
    ... ... be done before the application is finally approved and before the parties" are notified ... \t\t\t\t               Signature ………………\xE2\x80" ... Cases including section 5 of the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004, as amended (if a fatality has resulted); ... ... ...
  • Ask a tax judge to determine a dispute (notice of appeal)
    • HM Courts & Tribunals Service court and tribunal forms
    First-tier Tribunal (Tax) forms including the application to close an enquiry.
    ... ... Welsh Revenue Authority (WRA) or the National Crime Agency (NCA) ... All references below to HMRC include the UKBF, WRA and ... • write to confirm the next steps ... • contact any other parties and ask them to respond ... If you have any questions, you can contact the ... ...
  • Notice of application to consider the financial position of the respondent after divorce / dissolution
    • HM Courts & Tribunals Service court and tribunal forms
    Forms to apply for a divorce, dissolve a civil partnership or legally separate, including the D8 application and financial order forms.
    ... ... a domestic violence protection notice issued under section 24 of the Crime ... and Security Act 2010 against a prospective party; ... a relevant ... a child is one of the prospective parties by virtue of Rule 12.3(1) ... (i) the prospective applicant has contacted ... ...
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