Drug Importation in UK Law

  • Violence in youth custody: Risk factors of violent misconduct among inmates of German young offender institutions
    • No. 13-6, November 2016
    • European Journal of Criminology
    Inmate-on-inmate violence is a serious problem in prisons and young offender institutions. However, most studies on predictors of violent misconduct have focussed on adult inmates. This study exami...
    ... ... Regression analyses show that both importation and deprivation variables significantly predict the perpetration of al and sexual violence. Specifically, drug use during imprisonment, violent beliefs, and a negative inmate–staff ... ...
  • Drug Trafficking and Ethnic Minorities in Western Europe
    • No. 5-1, January 2008
    • European Journal of Criminology
    Popular media as well as law enforcement agencies throughout Europe routinely identify members of ethnic minorities, and recent migrants in particular, as responsible for selling a large proportion...
    ... ... Turkish and Albanian ethnic groups largely control the importation, high-level trafficking and open-air retailing of heroin; Colombian groups dominate the im- portation of cocaine. However, there are other major ... ...
  • Psychological well-being of incarcerated women in the Netherlands: Importation or deprivation?
    • No. 13-2, April 2011
    • Punishment & Society
    In light of the dramatic increase over the past decade in the number of women incarcerated in the Netherlands, we examined 251 female inmates’ psychological reactions to imprisonment with a survey ...
    ... ... to incarceration greater attention should be directed to women’s conditions of confinement and less to their histories of victimization and drug abuse. Keywords deprivation theory, female inmates, importation theory, prison adjustment, psycholog- ical well-being Corresponding author: ... ...
  • Dangerous Drugs
    • No. 34-3, May 1961
    • Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles
    ... ... that the defendant was, in fact, an innocent carrier of the drug and H.M. Customs decided that they had insufficient evidence ... charges before the court implied absolute prohibition on importation and possession, whereas the defence sought to submit that a certain ... ...
  • Wormwood Scrubs — A Local or Foreign Prison?
    • No. 42-1, March 1995
    • Probation Journal
    Liz Hales and Mike Connolly of HMP Wormwood Scrubs' probation team describe recent initiatives which have addressed the urgent issue of vulnerable and isolated foreign nationals who now constitute ...
    ... ... As the numbers arrested on drugs importation charges has increased, so has the prison’s foreign nationals ... be-tween three months and one year for those charged with drug importation and for about five months for asylum seekers) in the ... ...
  • Knowingly Assisting the Importation of Controlled Drugs
    • No. 63-6, December 1999
    • Journal of Criminal Law, The
    ... ... , together with acodefendant, was charged with beingknowingly concerned in the fraudulent evasion oftheprohibition onthe importation of a Class A drug,knownpopularly as Ecstasy,theimportation of which is forbidden by s 3 oftheMisuse of Drugs Act 1971.A parcel posted in Amsterdam totherespondent's ... ...
  • Knowingly Assisting the Importation of Controlled Drugs
    • No. 63-6, December 1999
    • Journal of Criminal Law, The
    ... ... , together with acodefendant, was charged with beingknowingly concerned in the fraudulent evasion oftheprohibition onthe importation of a Class A drug,knownpopularly as Ecstasy,theimportation of which is forbidden by s 3 oftheMisuse of Drugs Act 1971.A parcel posted in Amsterdam totherespondent's ... ...
  • Introduction Drug Mules: International Advances in Research and Policy
    • No. 56-3, September 2017
    • The Howard Journal of Crime and Justice
    ... ... In it, she documented the fourfold rise in the number of sentences for drug importation between 1979 and 1989 (Green 1991, p.17), and offered a careful examination of motivations for involvement in trafficking, as well as the ... ...
  • Vulnerability Discourses and Drug Mule Work: Legal Approaches in Sentencing and Non‐Prosecution/Non‐Punishment Norms
    • No. 56-3, September 2017
    • The Howard Journal of Crime and Justice
    This article analyses the meaning of vulnerability in discourses about drug mules and couriers at a national and international level, particularly the cases of Costa Rica and England and Wales. Dra...
    ... ... as an overarching category subdivided into two subtypes for sentencing purposes: (i) ‘professional couriers’ who organise drug importation themselves; and (ii) ‘mules’ who import drugs for others. The difference between them is the ‘level of organisation and commercial interest in ... ...
  • Pre-Sentence Reports on Foreign National Drug Traffickers: Present and Future
    • No. 42-1, March 1995
    • Probation Journal
    Nick Hammond of Middlesex Probation Service's Foreign Nationals Unit reports a research initiative to assess the value of PSRs on foreign nationals offenders since the Criminal Justice Act 1991 and...
    ... ... rior to implementation of the 1991-~- Criminal Justice Act in October1992, judges dealing with customs evasionoffences, principally the importation ofillegal drugs, would not have expected asocial enquiry report and would rarely haveadjourned sentencing to obtain such areport. Since that date, ... ...
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