Beyond street‐level bureaucracy: the organisational culture of migration policy‐making and administrative elites
| Published date | 01 August 2022 |
| Author | Daisuke Wakisaka |
| Date | 01 August 2022 |
| DOI | http://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12919 |
150
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International Migration. 2022;60:150–163.
wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/imig
INTRODUCTION – WHO ARE POLICYMAKERS?
Scholars have long studied the interplay be tween migration polices and the lives of migrant s. As the i nterplay is
generated by various interests, t he wealth of literature p oints to m ultiple actor s and their behaviour m ediating
the pol icies. They include, but are not limited to p oliticians (Aco sta Arcarzo and Freier, 2015), business sectors
(Freeman , 1995, 2002), civil society (Milly, 2014), cour ts (Joppke, 1998) and regional ins titutions (Gedd es et al.,
Received: 10 Novemb er 2020
|
Revised: 27 June 2021
|
Accepted: 11 August 2 021
DOI: 10.1111/imig.12919
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Beyond street- level bureaucracy: the
organisational culture of migration policy- making
and administrative elites
Daisuke Wakisaka
© 2021 The Author s. Internationa l Migration © 2021 IOM
Keidanren, Ch iyoda- ku, Tokyo, Japan
Correspondence
Daisuke Wakisak a, Keidanren, 1- 3- 2
Otemachi, Ch iyoda- ku, Tokyo, 100 - 8188,
Japan.
Email: wakisaka@keidanren.or.jp
Funding information
Nippon Foundation
Abstract
Migration poli cies are shaped by mult iple actors, includin g
politicians, business sectors, civil so ciety and the courts.
Literature has to date elucidate d the role and agenc y
of each of th ese ac tors in order to theorize the policy-
making process and it s interplay with the lives of migrants .
Nevertheless, the institutional functions of government
officials, namely bureaucrats, have been significantly un-
derstudied, alt hough they are the primary decision- makers
in fr aming and implementing regulations. Drawing on in-
depth qualit ative research condu cted in Japan, this article
sheds light on the org anizational culture of administrative
elites in designing migration policies. The findings show
that human resource practices and organiz ational positions
predicate risk averse beh aviour, consequently li miting the
development of i nnovative policie s. The paper finally ar-
gues that a pa radigm s hift in migration policy- making is
required in ta ckling the communal challenges of wealthy
states.
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