Book Reviews : Deterrance, Arms Control and Disarmament. Towards a Synthesis in National Security Policy. J. David Singer. Columbus, Ohio University Press. $5.50. Disarm and Verify. Michael Wright. Chatto and Windus. 25/-
| DOI | 10.1177/004711786400201013 |
| Published date | 01 October 1964 |
| Date | 01 October 1964 |
694
were
thought
possible
earlier.
He
cun,siders
the
status
of
international
organization
in
relation
to
the
International
Court
of
Justice,
the
problems
presented
by
proof
of
custom
in
international
adjudication,
the
extent
of
recourse
to
general
principles
of
law
in
the
current
jurisprudence
of
inter-
national
courts;
the
role
of
equity
and
of
she
concept
of
international
public
policy
in
international
adjudication;
the
interpretation
and
a~pplica-
tion
of
municipal
law
in
the
course
of
international
adjudication:
adjudica-
tion
on
a
basis
defined
by
prior
agreement
between
the
parties;
inductive
and
deductive
reasoning
in
international
adjudication;
methods
of
securing
compliance
with
the
decisions
and
awards
of
international
courts
and
tribunals;
and
the
authority
in
the
municipal
courts
of
the
decisions
of
the
International
Court
as
illustrated
by
the
position
in
the
case
of
English
courts.
Finally,
the
author
discusses
the
broad
question
of
the
rule
of
law
in
world
affairs.
His
arguments
are
buttressed
by
a
comprehensive
and
detailed
survey
of
the
relevant
treaties
and
case
law,
including
the
leading
arbitral
awards
from
1795
onwards
and
the
decisions
of
the
International
Court
from
1922
to
1962.
He
is
principally
concerned
throughout
with
the
practical
problems
of
present
day
international
society.
To
the
members
of
the
David
Davies
Institute,
Chapter
7
on
Equity
will
be
of
special
interest
since
a
considerable
amount
of
research
work
was
done
under
Lord
Davies’
auspices
during
the
1930’s
on
this
particular
aspect
of
international
settlement.
Deterrance,
Arms
Control
and
Disarmament.
Towards
a
Synthesis
in
National
Security
Policy.
J.
David
Singer.
Columbus,
Ohio
University
Press.
$5.50.
Disarm
and
Verify.
Michael
Wright.
Chatto
and
Windus.
25/-.
Mr.
Singer,
a
research
political
scientist
at
the
University
of
Michigan
served
in
the
United
States
Navy
in
World
War
II
and
in
Korea.
He
has
now
written
what
he
describes
as
&dquo;an
inter-disciplinary
study,
theory
oriented
and
policy
oriented&dquo;.
It
turns
out,
in
fact
to
be
an
authoritative
survey,
based
on
intensive
research,
of
the
three
means
of
keeping
the
peace
listed
in
the
title.
One
could
perhaps
accuse
him
of
being
a
little
too
kind
to
his
own
proposals
since
he
has
been
so
brilliantly
destructive
of
all
the
suggestions
which
he
has
examined,
especially,
moreover,
since
it
i,s
not
difficult
to
fault
a
solution
which
proposes
to
turn
over
prohibited
weapons
to
an
international
organization
rather
than
to
destroy
them.
But
his
conclusions
are,
never-
theless,
worth
careful
study
and
consideration.
The
first
fifteen
pages
of the
work
are
devoted
to
establishing
the
author’s
assumptions.
Part
I
deals
with
Deterrance:
Surviving
the
Environ-
ment :
Part
II
with
Arms
Control:
Stabilizing
the
Environment
and
Part
11I
with
Disarmament:
Modifying
the
Environment.
The
last
ten
pages
embody
his
conclusions
on
national
security
in
the
nuclear
missile
age.
He
finds
that
in
both
the
U.S.
and
the
U.S.S.R.
there
is
a
serious
intellectual
and
psychological
gap
between
those
responsible
for
a
policy
of
deterrence
and
those
responsible
for
disarmament.
Even
when
there
was
effective
communication
their
policies
were
erratic,
inconsistent
and
incom,patible.
This
gap
threatens
the
survival
of
both
countries.
He
is
both
fearful
and
pessimistic
as
to
the
ultimate
outcome.
To
be
successful
in
this
era a
nation
must
weld
all
its
national
security
policies
into
a
coherent
and
fully
.synthesized
body
of
doctrine.
All
that
weapons
can
do
is
to
persuade
an
adversary
of
the
dangers
of
military
adventure,
real
deterrance
must
lie
&dquo;in
an
environment
which
deprives
offensive
victory
of
any
human
meaning&dquo;.
The
two
Great
Powers
should
help
one
another
to
achieve
a
more
stable
equilibrium.
As
far
as
arms
control
is
concerned
the
danger
will
alwa,ys
remain
while
nuclear
arms
are
retained
at
whatever
level
-
they
should
be
transferred
to
the
control
of
an
international
authority
in
a
phased,
graduated
and
corroborated
operation.
He
sees
possible
safety
in
a
series
of
consecutive
steps:
competitive
co-existence,
a
finite
deterrance,
arms
control,
enforceable
disarmament.
At
the
moment
the
United
States
still
enjoys
overall
strategic
superiority
and
should
use
its
strength
to
explore
the
possibilities
of
agreement.
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