Eric Descheemaeker, THE DIVISION OF WRONGS: A HISTORICAL COMPARATIVE STUDY Oxford: Oxford University Press (www.oup.com), 2009. xxv + 300 pp. ISBN 9780199562794. £50.

Pages339-341
Published date01 May 2010
Date01 May 2010
DOI10.3366/elr.2010.0016
AuthorMartin Hogg

English language legal scholarship has been blessed over the past two decades or so by the publication of a number of works which have added greatly to the understanding of the development of European private law and which stand out as superb examples of such scholarship: Reinhard Zimmermann's The Law of Obligations (1996), James Gordley's Philosophical Origins of Modern Contract Doctrine (1991) and Foundations of Private Law (2007), and David Ibbetson's A Historical Introduction to the Law of Obligations (1999). Eric Descheemaeker's new book on the history of the taxonomy of wrongs is worthy of a place on the shelf alongside such works.

Within the law of obligations, delict has suffered from a relative dearth of recent structural scholarship. Contract has of course been the subject of much analysis, as well as of new model law (most recently in the draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR)). Unjustified enrichment, as a notoriously neglected obligation, benefited from a burst of academic interest from the 1980s onwards. Delict has lagged behind, though there have been occasional scholarly forays, such as Birks's essay on the nature of civil wrongs in David Owen (ed), The Philosophical Foundations of Tort Law (1995). The Principles of European Tort Law appeared in 2005, and tort now of course also forms part of the provisions of the DCFR, but historical monographs in the field of the history of tort law have been neglected. The current focus of tort scholarship – contemporary comparative analysis – cannot be undertaken properly without an idea of why legal systems structure their tort laws in the way they do. Descheemaeker's book is an invaluable contribution in that respect.

Descheemaeker does not offer a comprehensive review of European delict. Instead he focuses on why the law of wrongs of three systems – Roman law, French law, and English law – is structured in the way it is. The focus of study is, for Roman law on the period from Gaius to the Justinianic consolidation, for French law from Pothier onwards, and for England largely on the period since the eighteenth century, though there is a useful review of the medieval system of actions that so marked (or as might be said, hampered) later conceptual development. Some may argue that the scope of the work is unduly restrictive, yet Descheemaeker provides a perfectly sound justification for his selection: the Gaian-Justinianic model of Roman law remains the touchstone for European legal understanding of...

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