Forfeiture Act 1982
Jurisdiction | UK Non-devolved |
Citation | 1982 c. 34 |
Year | 1982 |
Forfeiture Act 1982
1982 CHAPTER 34
An Act to provide for relief for persons guilty of unlawful killing from forfeiture of inheritance and other rights; to enable such persons to apply for financial provision out of the deceased's estate; to provide for the question whether pension and social security benefits have been forfeited to be determined by the Social Security Commissioners; and for connected purposes.
[13th July 1982]
B e it enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, on this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:—
1 The ‘forfeiture rule’.
(1) In this Act, the ‘forfeiture rule’ means the rule of public policy which in certain circumstances precludes a person who has unlawfully killed another from acquiring a benefit in consequence of the killing.
(2) References in this Act to a person who has unlawfully killed another include a reference to a person who has unlawfully aided, abetted, counselled or procured the death of that other and references in this Act to unlawful killing shall be interpreted accordingly.
2 Power to modify the rule.
(1) Where a court determines that the forfeiture rule has precluded a person (in this section referred to as ‘the offender’) who has unlawfully killed another from acquiring any interest in property mentioned in subsection (4) below, the court may make an order under this section modifying the effect of that rule.
(2) The court shall not make an order under this section modifying the effect of the forfeiture rule in any case unless it is satisfied that, having regard to the conduct of the offender and of the deceased and to such other circumstances as appear to the court to be material, the justice of the case requires the effect of the rule to be so modified in that case.
(3) In any case where a person stands convicted of an offence of which unlawful killing is an element, the court shall not make an order under this section modifying the effect of the forfeiture rule in that case unless proceedings for the purpose are brought before the expiry of the period of three months beginning with his conviction.
(4) The interests in property referred to in subsection (1) above are—
( a ) any beneficial interest in property which (apart from the forfeiture rule) the offender would have acquired—
(i) under the deceased's will (including, as respects Scotland, any writing having testamentary effect) or the law relating to intestacy or by way of ius relicti, ius relictae or legitim;
(ii) on the nomination of the deceased in accordance with the provisions of any enactment;
(iii) as a donatio mortis causa made by the deceased; or
(iv) under a special destination (whether relating to heritable or moveable property); or
( b ) any beneficial interest in property which (apart from the forfeiture rule) the offender would have acquired in consequence of the death of the deceased, being property which, before the death, was held on trust for any person.
(5) An order under this section may modify the effect of the forfeiture rule in respect of any interest in property to which the determination referred to in subsection (1) above relates and may do so in either or both of the following ways, that is—
( a ) where there is more than one such interest, by excluding the application of the rule in respect of any (but not all) of those interests; and
( b ) in the case of any such interest in property, by excluding the application of the rule in respect of part of the property.
(6) On the making of an order under this section, the forfeiture rule shall have effect for all purposes (including purposes relating to anything done before the order is made) subject to the modifications made by the order.
(7) The court shall not make an order under this section modifying the effect of the forfeiture rule in respect of any interest in property which, in consequence of the rule, has been acquired before the coming into force of this section by a person other than the offender or a person claiming through him.
(8) In this section—
‘property’ includes any chose in action or incorporeal moveable property; and
‘will’ includes codicil.
3 Application for financial provision not affected by the rule.
(1) The forfeiture rule shall not be taken to preclude any person from making any application under a provision mentioned in subsection (2) below or the making of any order on the application.
(2) The provisions referred to in subsection (1) above are—
( a ) any provision of the Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975 ; and
( b ) sections 31(6) (variation etc. of periodical payments orders) and 36(1) (variation of maintenance agreements) of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 and section 5(4) of the Divorce (Scotland) Act 1976 (variation etc. of periodical allowances).
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