Modelling motorcycle emissions and driving cycle in Edinburgh

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1108/20425945201000022
Pages357-368
Published date01 November 2010
Date01 November 2010
AuthorRavindra Kumar,Wafaa Saleh,Colin Bosewell
Subject MatterPublic policy & environmental management
World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, Vol. 7, No. 4, 2010
357
Copyright © 2010 WASD
Abstract: This paper explains the modelling of emission in real world onboard
measurement under local driving condition for engine size 1000cc and 600cc
for motorcycles in Edinburgh. Impact of instantaneous speed, acceleration on
emission have been investigated on the air quality management area (AQMA) in
Edinburgh. Emission directly observed from the analyser have been converted
from ppm and % unit into gm/sec by using the fuel consumption estimates and
carbon mass balance equation Finally average emission factors for CO, HC, and
NOX along the corridor have been estimated on time based (gm per second) and
distance based (gm/km). Since emissions are primarily affected by speed, therefore
a correlation between emission factors and speed have been developed. Onboard
emission measurements have advantages to collect the emission data into
different driving cycle i.e. vehicle operating modes (idling cruise, acceleration, and
deceleration). This has been further investigated by developing the relationship
between time spent in these modes and emission. These types of models are
suitable, in sustainable development of transportation system, traffic demand
management, signal coordination, and environment friendly application for
Intelligent Transportation System (ITS).
Keywords: onboard emissions, motorcycles, speed, vehicle operating mode,
driving cycle.
Ravindra Kumar*1, Central Road Research Institute, India
Wafaa Saleh2, Edinburgh Napier University, UK
Colin Bosewell3, Edinburgh Napier University, UK
MODELLING MOTORCYCLE EMISSIONS
AND DRIVING CYCLE IN EDINBURGH
INTRODUCTION
Instantaneous onboard emission aims to
describe the precise emission of vehicle op-
erating in different modes during a series
of short time steps (it may be 1 second in-
tervals or less. Emission can be calculated
for any vehicle operating profile. Thus new
emission factors can be generated without
the need for further testing. Instantaneous
emission can take the dynamics of any driv-
ing pattern. Therefore it can be used to ex-
plain the variability in emissions associated
with given average speeds. Instantaneous
emission allows spatial observation and thus
could lead to improvement in prediction of
air pollution. Air quality models typically
* School of Engineering and Built Environment, TRI, Edinburgh Napier University, 10 Colinton Road,
Edinburgh, EH10 5DT, UK, Email: r.kumar@napier.ac.uk, ravindra261274@yahoo.co.in, Phone: 0131 4552828,
fax : 01314552439
1 RDP Division, Central Road Research Institute, Delhi-Mathura Road New Delhi-110020
2,3 School of Engineering and Built Environment, TRI, Edinburgh Napier University, 10 Colinton Road,
Edinburgh, EH10 5DT, UK

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