Technology standardization, competitive behavior, and enterprises’ performance of innovation. A conceptual model

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-11-2017-0249
Published date16 August 2019
Date16 August 2019
Pages251-269
AuthorHong Jiang,Wentao Liu,Shukuan Zhao,Yong Chen
Subject MatterLibrary & information science,Librarianship/library management,Library technology,Information behaviour & retrieval,Information user studies,Information & knowledge management,Information & communications technology,Internet
Technology standardization,
competitive behavior,
and enterprises
performance of innovation
A conceptual model
Hong Jiang
School of Management, Jilin University, Changchun, China and
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Wentao Liu and Shukuan Zhao
Jilin University, Changchun, China, and
Yong Chen
AR Sanchez, Jr School of Business, Texas A&M International University,
Laredo, Texas, USA
Abstract
Purpose With the development and innovation of IoT technologies, both domestic and international people
in the industry believe the development of IoT are the new points of technological innovation and economic
growth. But it is becoming more and more prominent that the industries are difficult to connect and the IoT
technologies are not standardized. The purpose of this paper is to promote the further development of IoT
technology and industry, technology standardization of IoT has become the focus of all concerned parties.
Technology standardization, as a technological innovation and development process of the pruning shears,
has been embedded into the various aspects of innovation activities.
Design/methodology/approach Based on many previous theories, the authors establish a matrix of the
patterns of technology standardization. The authors use the relative state of the highest level of technologyof
the enterprise and The degree of independent technological innovation as the two dimensions of the model. At
the same time, the authors divide the competitive behaviors into two categories and match them with the
technology standardization model.
Findings The authors explain the short-termcompet itivebeha viorsin the same enter prise and among different
enterprises by using the theories of mutualism and competition among species in biology, and make an analogy
between the phenomenon of base pairing in DNA doublehelix structure and the corresponding relationship of two
kinds of innovation abilities and two kinds of competitive behaviors in the process of technology standardization.
Originality/value Combined with previous theories, explain that innovation capability plays a mediatingro le
in the process in which the combinations of the patterns of technology standardization and competitive behaviors
are transformed into the enterprise innovation performance, and the uncertainty of externalenvironment playa
regulatory role in the process. Finally, the authors established the final conceptual model for providing theoretical
basis for the later research, and put forward the conclusions and prospect at the end of the paper.
Keywords Digital libraries, Internet of Things, Innovation capability, Competitive behaviour,
Performance of innovation, Technology standardization
Paper type Research paper
1. Introduction
Libraries provide access to information resources and maintain cultural heritage assets. In
the network environment, users have 24 h a day access to services and resources provided
by libraries. Given the fast-growing amount of data and the diversity of data formats, data
Received 29 November 2017
Revised 25 June 2019
Accepted 15 July 2019
The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available on Emerald Insight at:
www.emeraldinsight.com/0737-8831.htm
This research was partially funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under
Grant No. 71774067.
Technology
standardization
LibraryHi Tech
Vol.38 No. 1, 2020
pp.251-269
©EmeraldPublishingLimited
0737-8831
DOI10.1108/LHT-11-2017-0249
251
integrity and data standardization are the main requirements for information retrieval
systems in digital libraries. Standardized data provides consistency between the content
and format of data types. Furthermore, standardized data facilitates efficient consistency for
data mapping and data output (Topçu et al., 2014). Digital libraries are benefited from
innovative technologies, such as big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain, Internet of
Things (IoT), library bookmark apps, user-focused interfaces and application, augmented
reality, digital interfaces for printed books, driverless cars and drones (Paraschiv, 2017).
Accordingly, standardized data are required, because they provide internal consistency of
data and further increases the clarity level of data (Topçu et al., 2014). Standardization is an
indispensable requirement for data exchange and clearly improves the quality of
information searching (Krause, 2004). Some standards, such as the Virtual International
Authority File (VIAF), Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR) 2nd edition and
MAchine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) are launched for digital libraries to achieve
interoperability. Particularly, ISO/IEC 11,179 is the most important outstanding standard
aiming for providing understandable and shareable representation of data. This paper
explores how libraries improve data standardization with the help of IoT.
IoT emerges as the next generation of communication infrastructure and economic tide
after computer and the internet (Bi et al., 2014, 2016; He, Lo, Xie and Lartigue, 2016; Yang
et al., 2011; Xu and Viriyasitavat, 2019). It is expected to bring a revolution in society by
boosting a tremendous amount of innovation, efficiency, and quality (Weyrich and Ebert,
2016). According to Yasumoto et al. (2016), about 28 bn of smart devices will be connected
across the global world by 2021. The global IoT market is predicted to be worth
$14.4 trillion by 2022 (Yasumoto et al., 2016).
Although the IoT industry is still at the early stage, competition among IoT enterprises is
intense. Particularly, with thedevelopment of economic globalization, enterprisesrely more on
innovation for surviving in fierce international competition. Technology standardization has
been implemented by enterprises in every step of their innovation. Enterprises continuously
improve theirtechnology capabilities andquickly convert them into patents.In this way, they
can set up technology barriers and make competition rules to gain initiative in competition.
However, technology standardization does not affect enterprisesperformance directly. It
plays a role in enterprisesinnovation performance when combined with enterprises
competitive behavior. The effect of technology standardization on enterprisesperformance
relies on the integration of technology standardization and enterprisescompetitive behavior.
Enterprises take technology competitive behavior and non-technology competitive behavior
to implement their technology standardization strategies.
Scholars have studied technology standardization, competitive behavior and enterprises
performance of innovation separately. In specific, studies of technology standardization focus
on motivation, impact factors, and formation process of technology standardization ( Jiang,
Zhao, Zhang and Chen, 2012; Jiang et al., 2016). Research on enterprisescompetitive behavior
either apply the tools in behavior science to analyze why enterprises choose certain behavior or
conduct empirical studies to explore the rules in enterprisescompetitive behavior and the
corresponding impact factors (Baron, 1995; Ferrier et al., 1999; Quasney, 2004; Smith et al., 1991).
Studies on enterprisesperformance of innovation center on the impact factors, index system
and evaluation methods (Hagedoorn and Cloodt, 2003; Levinthal and March, 1993; Nelson, 2009;
Subramanian and Nilakanta, 1996).
Although somescholars assert that technologystandardization can improve theefficiency
of innovation, few studies examine the relationship between technology standardization and
enterprisesperformance of innovation.Moreover, how enterprisesperformance of innovation
is affected by the combination of technology standardization and competitive behavior
remains unknown.Accordingly, this studyintegrates technology standardization, competitive
behavior and enterprisesperformance of innovation. In specific, this paper adopts the base
LHT
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38,1

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