The forms of decommodification and (de)familisation measures during COVID‐19: What is the impact on female's welfare?
| Published date | 01 August 2021 |
| Author | Tauchid Komara Yuda,Muhammad Rezza |
| Date | 01 August 2021 |
| DOI | http://doi.org/10.1002/pad.1955 |
Received: 20 November 2020
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Revised: 1 July 2021
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Accepted: 13 July 2021
DOI: 10.1002/pad.1955
COMMENTARY
The forms of decommodification and (de)familisation
measures during COVID‐19: What is the impact on female's
welfare?
Tauchid Komara Yuda
1
|Muhammad Rezza
1
1
Department of Social Development
& Welfare, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM),
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Correspondence
Tauchid Komara Yuda, Department of Social
Development & Welfare, Universitas Gadjah
Mada (UGM), 3rd Floor, BC‐Building FISIPOL
UGM, Sosio Yustisia Street No. 2, Yogyakarta
55281, Indonesia.
Email: tauchidkomarayuda@ugm.ac.id
Abstract
Using the decommodification and (de)familisation framework, this paper examines
the two main Social Safety Net programme during the pandemic and its effect on
female welfare in Indonesia. It is argued that despite expansion of decom-
modification measures through unemployment benefits, females tend to benefit less
because the existing labour force structure is highly dominated by males. Hence, the
only way of being financially secure is to have access to Conditional Cash Transfer
(CCT), which means it then exposes them to greater risk of familisation. This is
because to be eligible for CCT, they are (informally) required to perform unpaid
caregiving. This article concludes that familial ethics has become a rationale for the
state to push females to seek social support through a family relationship, resulting
in social risk internalisation during the COVID‐19 crisis, rather granting them citi-
zenship rights‐based welfare.
KEYWORDS
Conditional Cash Transfer, COVID‐19, decommodification, defamilisation, unemployment
benefits
1
|
INTRODUCTION
During the pandemic, Indonesia has experienced the largest rise of
unemployment when compared to other East and Southeast Asian
countries (Yuda et al., 2021). Indonesia is also a country where
55.7% of the population depends on the informal sector, with males
situated as the main breadwinners. Given the background, it is
increasingly urgent to introduce Social Safety Net (SSN) pro-
grammes that are oriented towards strengthening family resilience
in terms of the socio‐economic dimension during the current
COVID‐19 crisis.
With a focus on the research areas of decommodification and
defamilisation/familisation, this succinct paper is designed to bring an
exploration of the two main SSN programmes during COVID‐19
outbreaks in Indonesia, namely the Unemployment Benefits
Programme (Program Prakerja) and the Conditional Cash Transfer
(CCT) (Program Keluarga Harapan [PKH]). It focuses on demon-
strating (1) how Program Prakerja allows or inhibits females main-
tenance of their livelihoods at a socially acceptable level,
independent of market forces; and (2) how PKH pushes or prevents
females to be exposed to ‘the familisation risks’ during the COVID‐19
crisis. Familisation risks are understood as a ‘lack of sufficient op-
portunities to choose not to perform a particular role (such as the
role of care provider) in the family and/or maintain a socially
acceptable standard of living’ (Chau & Yu, 2013, p. 3).
On the basis of our review, we found that the Program Prakerja
has less benefit to females because it appears to be more accessible
for males. As data of mid‐May 2021 shows that the number of Pra-
kerja beneficiaries for men is 55%, while women represented only
45% of the total 5.6 million beneficiaries.
Public Admin Dev. 2021;41:135–141. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/pad © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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