The Left Behind
| Pages | 125-134 |
| Date | 06 December 2018 |
| Published date | 06 December 2018 |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-435-420181017 |
| Author | Nigel Culkin,Richard Simmons |
8
THE LEFT BEHIND
Success Breeds Success
Helps (1868)
Failure breeds Failure. The Seeds they have sown
We are expected to reap Foundation (2015)
In an analysis of the 2016 Referendum results, part of the narrative behind
the ‘Leave Vote’is the ‘tale’of the Left Behind. This group is statistically cor-
related to poor educational attainment, denoted by social attitudes aligned
to economic insecurity and alienation from the successful.
310
While 59% of
the Brexit vote came from the middle classes (albeit a substantial proportion
of whom who were over 65) only 21% of the vote came from people identi-
fied as having ‘routine’or ‘semi-routine’jobs (which we take as a proxy to
indicate the size of the Left Behind vote).
311
Although not the biggest group
in the Leave Vote, the ‘Left Behind’are an important, sizable, distinct group.
The largest ‘pro leave’group are the retired, many of whom are middle class
home owners.
DEFINING THE LEFT BEHIND
Having identified there is a ‘Left Behind’constituency, how it is defined?
One proxy that is regularly used in statistical studies is to measure relative
educational attainment in connection with sex and ethnicity. The argument
runs that the ‘Left Behind’are dominated by white working-class males of
low educational attainment. This definition does not stand on its own as the
125
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