Toju Jakpa v The Information Commissioner & Anor
| Court | First-tier Tribunal (General Regulatory Chamber) |
| Judgment Date | 13 August 2026 |
| Neutral Citation | [2026] UKFTT 1153 (GRC) |
| Date | 13 August 2026 |
| Year | 2026 |
© CROWN COPYRIGHT 2026
Neutral citation number: [2026] UKFTT 01153 (GRC)
Case Reference: EA/2020/0143
First-tier Tribunal
General Regulatory Chamber
Information Rights
Heard by Cloud Video Platform
Heard on: 11 May 2026
Decision given on: 13 August 2026
Before
JUDGE STEPHEN ROPER
MEMBER DAN PALMER-DUNK
MEMBER MIRIAM SCOTT
Between
TOJU JAKPA
Appellant
and
(1) THE INFORMATION COMMISSIONER
(2) THE FINANCIAL OMBUDSMAN SERVICE
Respondent
Representation:
For the Appellant: did not appear and was not represented
For the First Respondent: Eric Metcalfe of Counsel
For the Second Respondent: Peter Lockley of Counsel
Decision: The appeal is Dismissed
REASONS
Preliminary matters
1. In this decision, we use the following terms to denote the meanings shown:
Appellant: Toju Jakpa.
Authority: The Financial Ombudsman Service (the Second Respondent).
Balancing Test: The last limb of the Legitimate Interests Test, as referred to in
paragraph 58.
Bank: The Co-operative Bank.
Commissioner: The Information Commissioner (the First Respondent).
2
Complaint: The Appellant’s complaint to the Authority concerning the
Bank, as referred to in paragraph 8.
Decision Notice: The Decision Notice of the Commissioner dated 5 March 2020,
reference FS50842145, relating to the Request.
Disclosed Information: As defined in paragraph 91.
DPA: The Data Protection Act 2018.
Duty to Disclose: The duty of a public authority to communicate requested
information which it holds, pursuant to section 1(1)(b) (set out
in paragraph 43).
FOIA: The Freedom of Information Act 2000.
Investigation: The Commissioner’s investigation, for the purposes of section
50, of the Appellant’s complaint relating to the Authority’s
response to the Request.
Legitimate Interests Basis: The basis for lawful processing of personal data specified in
Article 6(1)(f), as set out in paragraph 55.
Legitimate Interests Test: The three-part test for establishing the Legitimate Interests
Basis, referred to in paragraph 57.
Public Interest Test: The test, pursuant to section 2(2)(b) (set out in paragraph 46),
as to whether, in all the circumstances of the case, the public
interest in maintaining the exemption to the Duty to Disclose
outweighs the public interest in disclosing the information.
Request: The request for information made to the Authority by the
Appellant dated 6 May 2019, as set out in paragraph 10.
Requested Information: The information which was requested by way of the Request.
Tribunal Rules: The Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (General
Regulatory Chamber) Rules 2009.
forms part of domestic law in the United Kingdom by virtue of
section 3 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018.
Withheld Information: The aspects of the Requested Information specified in
paragraph 15 which were withheld by the Authority in response
to the Request.
2. Unless the context otherwise requires, or as otherwise expressly stated, references in this
decision:
a. to numbered paragraphs are references to paragraphs of this decision so numbered;
b. to any section are references to the applicable section of FOIA;
c. to any Article are references to the applicable Article of the UK GDPR.
3. We considered whether it was necessary for us to provide a closed decision. We concluded that
it would not be necessary, on the basis that the reasoning behind this decision can be sufficiently
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