V International Relations Relations Internationales

Date01 December 2017
Published date01 December 2017
DOI10.1177/002083451706700605
Subject MatterAbstracts
759
V
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
RELATIONS INTERNATIONALES
(a) International law, organization and administration/Droit international, organisation et administration in ternationales
67.7161 ALLAN, Jen Iris ; HADDEN, Jennifer Exploring the
framing power of NGOs in global climate politics. Envi-
ronmental Politics 26(4), July 2017 : 600-620.
The Paris Agreement contains a separate article for loss and damage
an outcome that aligns with a central demand of many NGOs at COP21.
By shifting to a justice framing of loss and damage, NGOs were able to
expand their mobilization and, in turn, enhance their influence. While it is
not claimed that NGO advocacy w as sufficient to produce the outcome,
pathways by which issue framing can support increased NGO influence
via persuasion and coercion are illustrated. First, the justice frame
garnered additional media attention and raised the stakes should states
fail to include the issue in the Paris Agreement. Second, the climate
justice frame helped forge alliances with vulnerable countries and within
civil society that enhanced bargaining. The findings contribute to theory
building in NGO politics. [R, abr.] [See Abstr. 67.7221]
67.7162 ANGELIS, Gabriele de Political legitimacy and crisis
management in the Economic and Monetary Union: a
model of democratic governance. European Politics and
Society 18(3), Sept. 2017 : 363-381.
The euro and sovereign-debt crisis is both a conflict of political and
economic interests and a conflict of interpretations. Two narratives
struggle for hegemony in the European ideological imaginary. Each calls
for a different m ode of crisis-management, and each represents a differ-
ent vision of the single currency, European economic and monetary
policy, and European integration as a whole. Each presents different
theses on the origins and causes of the crisis, as well as its solution. As
important as it is to know which narrative provides a correct interpretation
of the crisis in macroeconomic and monetary terms, both remain insuffi-
cient when it comes to solving the political and ethical conundrum facing
Eurozone governance and the management of the sovereign debt crisis.
[R, abr.] [See Abstr. 67.7163]
67.7163 ANGELIS, Gabriele de Political legitimacy and the
European crisis: analysis of a faltering project. European
Politics and Society 18(3), Sept. 2017 : 291-300.
The EU is facing multiple crises: the euro and sovereign-debt crisis
questions its economic and social cohesion as well as the rules of coex-
istence within the EMU; the refugee crisis [highlig hts] a high degree of
disagreement among member states as to the duties of mutual solidarity
and assistance; Brexit highlighted the need to continuously justify EU
membership, and to address the social and economic roots of dissatis-
faction with the EU; the security crisis put into question the Schengen
agreement and the mutual trust between member states in security
issues. The political conundrum currently challenging the EU calls for
reflection on what went wrong with the process of European integration
in the first place. [R, abr.] [Introduction to a thematic issue on "Europe in
times of crisis. Political legitimacy and crisis management in the Europe-
an Union". See also Abstr. 67.7162, 7197, 7200, 7247, 7251]
67.7164 ARES, Macarena ; CEKA, Besir ; KRIESI, Hanspeter
Diffuse support for the European Union: spillover effects
of the politicization of the European integration process
at the domestic level. Journal of European Public Policy
24(8), 2017 : 1091-1115.
This article investigates the link between attitude formation at the nation-
al and the supranational level of the EU. While the existing studies have
provided strong evidence that attitudes towards national institutions
fundamentally condition attitudes towards the EU, the mechanisms
through which these spillovers occur are not clearly spelled out. Our
main contribution is to theorize the complex ways in which the national
politicization of the European integration process affects support for the
EU by focusing on critical moments in the EU integration process and the
electoral fortunes of the political parties doing the cuing. To test our
theoretical claims, we employ multilevel models using six rounds of the
European Social Survey combined with party-level data from C hapel Hill
Expert Survey, and various country-level data. [R, abr.]
67.7165 ARREDONDO, Ricardo "WikiLeaks", Assange y el
futuro del asilo diplomático (WikiLeaks, Assange and the
future of diplomatic asylum). Revista española de Derecho
internacional 69(2), 2017 : 119-144.
The article first studies the terminology and forms of asylum, then exam-
ines the legality of diplomatic asylum under international law and state
practice of providing diplomatic asylum and analyzes the case of Julian
Assange, including the request of an advisory opinion made by Ecuador
to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Finally, some conclu-
sions are drawn on the future of the practice of diplomatic asylum. [R]
67.7166 BÄCKSTRAND, Karin ; KUYPER, Jonathan W. The
democratic legitimacy of orchestration: the UNFCCC,
non-state actors, and transnational climate governance.
Environmental Politics 26(4), July 2017 : 764-788.
Is orchestration democratically legitimate? On one hand, debates con-
cerning the legitimacy and democratic deficits of international politics
continue unabated. On the other, the Secretariat of the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has progressively
engaged in processes of orchestration culminating in the 2015 Paris
Agreement. Scholarship on orchestration has almost exclusively focused
on how to ensure effectiveness while excluding normative questions.
This lacuna is addressed by arguing that orchestration should be as-
sessed according to its democratic credentials. The promises and pitfalls
of orchestration can be usefully analyzed by applying a set of democratic
values: participation, deliberation, accountability, and transparency. Two
major orchestration efforts by the UNFCCC both pre- and post-Paris are
shown to have substantive democratic shortfalls, not least with regard to
participation and accountability. [R] [See Abstr. 67.7221]
67.7167 BAHR, Johanna von Explaining child rights main-
streaming in EU external policy. Comparative European
Politics 15(4), June 2017 : 499-517.
This article examines and explains child rights mainstreaming in EU
external affairs. It provides a within-case comparison of how children’s
rights have been mainstreamed in development aid, common foreign and
security policy (CFSP) and external trade policy. While most mainstream-
ing research have studied mainstreaming as a process of norm socializa-
tion, this article draws on hypotheses concerning bureaucratic self-
interest that have thus far not been tested in the EU mainstreaming
literature. The article finds support for rational functionalist assumptions
that actor preferences, externalpolicy competences and resource ex-
changes between EU institutions and child rights organizations together
help explain variations in child rights mainstreaming across sectors and
over time. Rationalist functionalism is found useful in explaining under
which conditions at sector level mainstreaming is likely to succeed or fail.
[R]
67.7168 BAUMANN, Max-Otto Reformdruck durch die 2030-
Agenda (Reform pressure through the 2030 agenda).
Vereinte Nationen 65(3), 2017 : 104-109.
In New York, UN member states are currently engaged in a multi-year
process of reforming the UN development system. An international
advisory group co-chaired by Klaus Töpfer has presented far-reaching
proposals to reposition the UN development system for the implementa-
tion of the new 2030 Agenda. For that purpose, the UN needs to go
beyond project-work. It needs to embrace new functions and become
more integrated in order to effectively support member states and other
actors in the global transformation towards su stainability. However,
vested interests, diverging visions, and power motives of member states
along the North-South divide make for a tortuous reform process that has
yet to yield substantial reform decisions. [R]
67.7169 BEATTIE, Amanda Russell Storytelling as "unorthodox"
agency: negotiating the 2012 family immigration rules
(United Kingdom). Politics 37(3), Aug. 2017 : 302-316.
This article attends to the lived experience of binational families subject
to the 2012 family immigration ru les (FIR). It seeks to enrich the pre-
existing discussions of family migration within the EU and the UK, focus-
ing on the ‘micro-political’ experiences of those whose lives have been
adversely affected by their introduction. It draws on the life writings of
International relations
760
binational families, suggesting that a micro-political focus reveals an
ongoing neuropolitical experience that traditional accounts of moral
agency are ill-equipped to negotiate. The article suggests an unorthodox
interpretation of agency premised on storytelling, while probing the
tensions that emerge when this lived experience is framed in such a
manner. It suggests a need to further engage with traumatic interpreta-
tions of harm at the intersection of citizenship rights and mobility rights.
[R, abr.] [See Abstr. 67.6552]
67.7170 BEHR, Hartmut Die Antiterrorismuspolitik der UN seit
dem Jahr 2001 (UN counter-terrorism policy since 2001).
Vereinte Nationen 65(4), 2017 : 147-151.
UN counter-terrorism policy is politically embedded in, and framed by,
the UN Charter, the UN human rights and refugee conventions, and by
the individual resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security
Council that reiterate the fundamental principles of these frameworks
beyond their individual purposes and targets. Strategically, we have
observed multiple efforts over the past decade to strengthen global,
regional, and local institutions and their cooperation in countering terror-
ism and violent extremism as well as the interweaving between, and
collaboration of, different policy areas. This strategic emphasis is due to
the increasingly obvious network character of terrorist groups and their
activities. [R]
67.7171 BERHE, Mulugeta Gebrehiwot The norms and struc-
tures for African peace efforts: the African Peace and
Security Architecture. International Peacekeeping 24(4),
Aug. 2017 : 661-685.
The African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) is a set of norms
and structures developed and designed to enable Africa with its peace
and security affairs. It is an important instrument that enabled Africa gain
significant success in its efforts to promote stability in Africa. The APSA
was designed in the early 2000s and Africa needs to fully implement its
norms and fully utilize its instruments. There is also a need to address
gaps and redundancies so that it fits to the current context of new inter-
nal and global challenges. [R] [See Abstr. 67.7184]
67.7172 BERNARDS, Nick The global governance of informal
economies: the International Labour Organization in East
Africa. Third World Quarterly 38(8), 2017 : 1831-1846.
This article develops a Gramscian approach to the governance of "infor-
mal" economies through a historical study of International Labor Organi-
zation (ILO) programs in East Africa. Drawing on Gramsci’s conception
of the "subaltern", the article highlights the ways in which the articulation
of "informality" in policy documents is colored by broader struggles over
the political organization of labor. The article develops this argument
through two case studies. The first examines the World Employment
Program mission to Kenya in the 1970s that popularized the concept of
"informal" labor. The second is a contemporary program on apprentice-
ships in the informal economy that originated in Tanzania. [R]
67.7173 BES, Bart Joachim Europe’s executive in stormy
weather: how does politicization affect commission offi-
cials’ attitudes? Comparative European Politics 15(4), June
2017 : 533-556.
The politicization of the EU has elicited a variety of views on the Europe-
an polity. Public skepticism is often directed at the EC which is accused
of being an unresponsive and illegitimate bureaucracy. How does politi-
cization affect the institutional role conceptions of Commission officials?
By building on the literature of politicization and norm-guided open
system approaches, I develop theoretical propositions on how politiciza-
tion may affect the institutional role conceptio ns of Commission officials.
Grounded on the proposition that Commission officials are most likely to
respond to politicization in their home country, an exploratory case study
of Dutch officials was performed to flesh out the mechanisms at play.
The findings tentatively reveal that, in varying degrees, most officials
respond to politicization by adapting their institutional role conception into
a more pragmatic direction. [R, abr.]
67.7174 BEVIR, Mark ; PHILLIPS, Ryan EU democracy and the
Treaty of Lisbon. Comparative European Politics 15(5), Aug.
2017 : 705-728.
This article provides a genealogy of the broad patterns of belief that
contributed to the democratic reforms contained in the Treaty of Lisbon.
The article draws three primary conclusions. First, EU democracy is a
composite of concepts. Second, our understanding of which changes
introduced by the Lisbon Treaty were intended to be democracy-
enhancing should be significantly broadened. Third, two factors explain
continuing limitations on the democratic character of the Union: conflicts
over what democracy should mean in the context of the EU and the
purpose or motivation behind the Lisbon Treaty reforms, what is labeled
here a “system maintenance” view of democracy. [R, abr.] [First article of
a thematic issue on "Genealogies of European governance", edited and
introduced by the authors. See also Abstr. 67.6413, 6510, 6519, 6565]
67.7175 BOLTZ, Moritz ; CONZE, Peter Die Regulierung von
Militär- und Socherheitsunternehmen (Regulation of pri-
vate military and security companies). Vereinte Nationen
65(4), 2017 : 165-169.
In recent international military and humanitarian interventions, Private
Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) have played a vital role.
Contracted by the UN, other international organizations, as well as non-
governmental organizations and states, they provide for logistic support
and maintenance and for the protection of their facilities and employees
in regions of armed conflict. Despite the increasing role of these compa-
nies, PMSCs continue to be insufficiently regulated. This article elabo-
rates on why there is no common effort for implementing a better regula-
tory framework. While inter-governmental initiatives on a UN level fail, the
states themselves do not often see the need to take action and change
their national legislation. [R]
67.7176 BOROŃSKA-HRYNIEWIECKA, Karolina Regional par-
liamentary empowerment in EU affairs. Building an ana-
lytical framework. Journal of Legislative Studies 23(2), June
2017 : 144-161.
This article analyses the effects of the Lisbon Treaty provisions for
regional parliaments in EU decentralised systems by looking at the early
warning system (EWS) fo r subsidiarity control. It argues that the implica-
tions of this mechanism for parliamentary empowerment at the regional
level should be assessed carefully and their links with political mobilisa-
tion, institutional restructu ring and policy involvement in a particular
context should be analysed as precisely as possible. For this reason, this
article proposes a conceptual and analytical framework that allows the
detection of several kinds of regional empowerment under the EWS and
explains their transformative effects in different national contexts. [R]
[See Abstr. 67.7179]
67.7177 BUBECK, Johannes ; MARINOV, Nikolay Process or
candidate: the international community and the demand
for electoral integrity. American Political Science Review
111(3), Aug. 2017 : 535-554.
Why do outside powers intervene in other countries’ elections? We
distinguish between two types of electoral interventions: interventions in
favor of the democratic process and interventions in favor of particular
candidates and parties. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, outside
powers often simultaneously pursue interventions of both types. Using a
formal model of elections with bias, we arg ue that outside pow ers will
always invest some resources in particular candidates, if they care about
the differences in their proposed policies. Spending on the electoral
process is driven by liberalism concerns and geopolitical interests. In
some cases, liberal powers might decrease their amount of support for
the electoral process if this engagement works against their favored
candidate. We also consider the case of “election wars.” These occur
when two outside powers simultaneously intervene on different sides of
an election. [R, abr.]
67.7178 BÜRGIN, Alexander ; ASIKOGLU, Derya Turkey’s new
asylum law: a case of EU influence. Journal of Balkan and
Near Eastern Studies 19(2), Apr. 2017 : 121-135.
The EU’s influence on Turkey’s domestic politics has been characterized
as weak due to the lack of credible accession perspective. However,
Turkey’s adoption of an asylum law in 2013, which meets almost all
demands of the EU, points to the EU’s continuing influence in this policy
area. The majority of the academic experts in our online survey consid-
ered the EU accession process as crucial factor for the adoption of the
law. O ur interviews with officials from the Turkish government and the
European Commission reveal how the EU impacted on the drafting
process. EU-financed twinning projects in this policy area contributed to
the creation of new institutions and to the socialization of actors, both
leading to a more conducive environment for reform. [R]
67.7179 BURSENS, Peter ; HÖGENAUER, Anna-Lena Regional
parliaments in the EU multilevel parliamentary system.
Journal of Legislative Studies 23(2), June 2017 : 127-143.
European integration has created a multilevel political system that is
dominated by executive actors. Despite the increasing competences of
the EP, a growing EU-awareness of national assemblies and an emerg-
ing attention of regional parliaments for EU affairs, the EU polity still lacks
a sound parliamentary representation. As the EU presents itself as a
representative democracy, the current set-up raises questions from the
perspective of democratic legitimacy. The establishment of multilevel
parliamentarianism may be part of the remedy. This introduction focuses
on the position that regional parliaments take in such a European multi-
level parliamentary system. The authors address three relevant ques-

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