George P Fletcher, THE GRAMMAR OF CRIMINAL LAW: AMERICAN, COMPARATIVE, AND INTERNATIONAL. VOLUME ONE: FOUNDATIONS Oxford: Oxford University Press (www.oup.co.uk), 2007. xxv + 366 pp. ISBN 9780195103106. £47.

Pages363-365
AuthorJames Chalmers
Published date01 May 2009
Date01 May 2009
DOI10.3366/E1364980909001681

George Fletcher's earlier book, Rethinking Criminal Law (1978), is rightly regarded as a landmark in criminal scholarship. Influential throughout (at least) the English-speaking world, it is still regularly cited today. This new book, the first volume in an anticipated three-volume work, was heralded (long before its publication) as a new edition of Fletcher's 1978 work, but is in fact very different in nature. This is clear simply from a glance at the sources relied upon. There is only limited citation of Anglo-American cases or legislation (any assessment is necessarily impressionistic in the absence of tables of cases or statutes, the absence of such apparatus being itself an indication of the limited reference to such material). International and comparative – particularly German – material is cited throughout, along with a considerable number of Biblical references, but the emphasis of Fletcher's approach is to work towards a framework for criminal law, drawing on theoretical and philosophical material, rather than to catalogue the black-letter law of multiple legal systems.

Representing the fruits of a lifetime's labour by one of the leading scholars of criminal law, the three-volume work will rightly be influential, but its full import will not become clear until the remaining two volumes (for which no anticipated publication date was available at the time this review was written) are published. In this foundational volume, Fletcher says relatively little about substantive criminal law, focusing primarily on underpinning political and moral theory, as well as issues of sources and method. This does not, however, prevent Fletcher from offering a view as to the future of criminal law, and the claims – perhaps predictions – which are made are at times surprising. Much emphasis is given to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC), with Fletcher arguing that the future of criminal law “lies in a dialectic tension between the law adhering to the Rome Statute as a model of criminal justice and a comparative synthesis that derives from a comparative study of the legal systems of the world” (340).

To predict that the Rome Statute will have such influence is bold: the court's jurisdiction encompasses only genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression (and the last only theoretically, as no definition of that crime has yet been agreed) – crimes which have had little influence on the generality of criminal law in...

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