III: Governmental and Administrative Institutions/Institutions Politiques et Administratives
| Published date | 01 August 2016 |
| DOI | 10.1177/002083451606600403 |
| Date | 01 August 2016 |
| Subject Matter | Abstracts |
III
GOVERNMENTAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE INSTITUTIONS
INSTITUTIONS POLITIQUES ET ADMINISTRATIVES
(a) Central institutions /Institutions centrales
66.4266
ABDULLAH, Walid Jumblatt — Electoral innovation in
diverse concepts and tools of conflict sensitivity, including Peace and
competitive authoritarian states: a case for the Nominat-
Conflict Impact Assessment (PCIA). Over the last 15 years the intent and
ed Member of Parliament (NMP) in Singapore. Japanese
application of PCIA has varied across the world. Mindful of this diversity,
Journal of Political Science 17(2), June 2016 : 190-207.
this article draws lessons from the application of PCIA in Pakistan,
This article investigates the efficacy of a form of electoral innovation
arguing that context-specific lessons are required to inform and shape
the next phase of PCIA’s development and application, thus ensuring
unique to the island-state of Singapore, the Nominated Member of
that it is increasingly beneficial to all stakeholders. [R]
Parliament (NMP) scheme, and its impact on democratic governance.
Contrary to conventional scholarly wisdom, I argue that the NMP scheme
can actually boost democratic representation in the country, considering
66.4271
AÏVO, Frédéric Joël — Les constitutionnalistes et le pou-
the changing political landscape in the state previously dominated by a
voir politique en Afrique (The constitutionality of political
hegemonic party. This is via two ways: first, NMPs could better represent
power in Africa). Revue française de Droit constitutionnel
the voices of the people at the margins of society and, second, they
104, Dec. 2015 : 771-800.
could be better positioned to raise issues that are deemed too ‘sensitive’
to be raised by opposition parties. NMPs can enhance democratic
Has Africa managed to step over monolithic practice, vanquish the
governance by promoting deliberation, accountability, and representa-
fatality of authoritarianism and enter the distinguished club of constitu-
tion. [R, abr.]
tional democracies? The comparative study of the trajectories of some
key constitutional law figures in French-speaking Africa demonstrates
two main deep-set trends. The first one and doubtlessly the more idyl ic
66.4267
ABOULTAIF, Eduardo W. — The Lebanese army: savior of
one is that of the doctrine serving politics. It is easy to show the extent to
the Republic? RUSI Journal 161(1), Feb.-March 2016 : 70-
which ideas structured by constitutionalists have fueled political power.
78.
The second trend then il ustrates the time of trials when constitutional-
The recent history of the Middle East is marked by military influence
ists, having moved on from the status of a laboratory to that of power’s
recruiting ground, suddenly have to face the risks of entering politics.
(both direct and indirect) over governance. Lebanon, however, has
followed a different trajectory: although it was ruled by army commander
General F. Shihab between 1958 and 1970, this represented a mediated
66.4272
AKIRAV, Osnat — What do representatives produce?
solution to civil unrest. Here, the author analyzes how the army has
Work profiles of representatives. Party Politics 22(3), May
helped to preserve stability during periods of crisis, in the 1950s and
2016 : 289-299.
2000s, by remaining neutral towards those confessional groups strug-
gling for power — the hallmark of what became known as Shihabism.
This research develops a new productivity scale, reflecting a new way of
When it failed to do so in 1975 the armed forces fractured along religious
looking at legislators’ productivity. The scale includes various parameters
faultlines and the country descended into a vicious, protracted conflict.
such as private bil s, parliamentary questions, motions for the agenda
[R]
and one-minute speeches, which have never been explored together. As
a secondary objective, we determine the characteristics shared by the
most productive legislators and those shared by the least productive. We
66.4268
ABRAHAMS, Caryn — Twenty years of social cohesion
test the scale using data from the Israeli Knesset. The findings show that
and nation-building in South Africa. Journal of Southern
while legislators have a variety of tools available to them, most do not
African Studies 42(1), Feb. 2016 : 95-107.
realize the ful potential of the tools. Furthermore, party size and gender
The author examines the fate of the concept of “social cohesion” over the
explained 43.4% of the variance in the productivity level in the 14th
Knesset. [R, abr.]
last two decades in South Africa. Imported from very different contexts, it
has been recycled by the ANC to service an ideology of nation-building,
one that suspends difficult questions about economic distribution and
political power. Abrahams’s piece serves as an important record of the
66.4273
ANDERSON, Emma-Louise ; BERESFORD, Alexander —
evolution of the language that the ANC has used to describe its project
Infectious injustice: the political foundations of the Ebola
during its first two decades in power. [R] [See Abstr. 66.4418]
crisis in Sierra Leone. Third World Quarterly 37(3), 2016 :
468-486.
66.4269
AGARTAN, Tuba I. — Learn, frame and deploy? Cross-
This article identifies the long-term political factors that contributed to the
national policy ideas and comparisons in Turkey’s health
Ebola crisis in Sierra Leone, factors which are largely overlooked by the
reform. Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research
emerging international focus on building resilient health systems. We
and Practice 18(1), Feb. 2016 : 54-69.
argue that the country exhibits critical symptoms of the recurrent crises
of a gatekeeper state, including acute external dependency, patron-client
Comparative analysis in health policy not only helps us learn about the
politics, endemic corruption and weak state capacity. A coterie of actors,
organization of health care systems and reforms in other countries but
both internal and external to Sierra Leone, has severely compromised
also addresses the difficulties of drawing cross-national policy lessons.
the health system. This left certain sections of the population acutely at
This case study on the Turkish health reform of 2003 focuses on the
risk from Ebola and highlights the need for political solutions to build
national policy discourse to identify how cross-national ideas and com-
stronger, inclusive health systems. [R] [See Abstr. 66.4948]
parative analyses are used by policy-makers and other key stakeholders.
Building on the ideational perspectives and Kingdon’s streams approach,
it explores agenda-setting and ideological framing activities. The results
66.4274
ANDRÉ, Stéfanie ; DEWILDE, Caroline — Home ownership
provide evidence for the political nature of the process whereby cross-
and support for government redistribution [in EU]. Com-
national ideas were deployed in domestic policy battles. [R]
parative European Politics 14(3), Apr. 2016 : 319-348.
We investigate the relationship between home ownership and support for
66.4270
AHMED, Zahid Shahab — Development and conflict
redistribution in 24 European countries, integrating research on housing
sensitivity: a case study of the application of PCIA in Pa-
regimes and welfare attitudes. We improve upon earlier research by
kistan. Asian Journal of Peacebuilding 3(2), Nov. 2015 : 215-
taking into account within-group heterogeneity of owners and tenants, by
231.
elaborating on social mechanisms (self-interest and socio-spatial segre-
gation), by researching a wide range of European (instead of Anglo-
Since the mid-1990s, the development community has focused signifi-
Saxon) countries and by recognizing differences in the meaning of
cant attention on the potential and actual impact of development inter-
tenure and home ownership across countries. We find that, while home
ventions on conflict-resolution and peace-building in conflict-ridden and
owners are less supportive of redistribution, the effect of home owner-
post-conflict zones. This has included the formulation and deployment of
ship varies with age and income position. We furthermore find that
447
Governmental and administrative institutions
housing regime characteristics matter, as owners and tenants have
journalists in high positions in broadcasting. However, Law and Justice’s
different welfare attitudes in different contexts. [R, abr.]
course of action is a gross violation of rule of law. [R] [See Abstr.
66.4698]
66.4275
APPLEBY, Gabrielle — Challenging the orthodoxy: giving
the Court a role in scrutiny of delegated legislation [in
66.4280
BAERG, Nicole Rae ; HALLERBERG, Mark — Explaining
Australia]. Parliamentary Affairs 69(2), Apr. 2016 : 269-285.
instability in the Stability and Growth Pact: the contribu-
Australia was once a world leader in parliamentary oversight of delegat-
tion of member state power and Euroskepticism to the
Euro crisis. Comparative Political Studies 49(7), June 2016 :
ed legislation. Today, parliamentary scrutiny has been undermined by a
968-1009.
number of factors, including overly wide delegations, uncritical bi-
partisan support for measures, party discipline restraining oversight,
The Stability and Growth Pact clearly failed to prevent the euro crisis. We
abuse of the disallowance procedure and parliamentary recesses to
contend that the failure was due...
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