III: Governmental and Administrative Institutions/Institutions Politiques et Administratives
| Published date | 01 December 2012 |
| Date | 01 December 2012 |
| DOI | 10.1177/002083451206200603 |
| Subject Matter | Abstracts |
721
III
GOVERNMENTAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE INSTITUTIONS
INSTITUTIONS POLITIQUES ET ADMINISTRATIVES
(a) Central institutions /Institutions centrales
62.7250 ABDUL HAMID, Ahmad Fauzi ; TAKIYUDDIN ISMAIL,
Muhamad — Abdullah Ahmad Badawi: a Malaysian neo-
conservative? Japanese Journal of Political Science 13(3),
Sept. 2012 : 379-399.
This article analyzes changes implemented during Malay sia's Prim e
Minister A. A. Badawi's adminis tration (2003-2009), using the theoretical
framework commonplace in studies on conservatism. Based on th e
premise that transformations in conservative polities are prone t o produc-
ing c onflict, the dy namics of conflict situations during Abdullah's check-
ered Premiership is foregrounded. As we apply the main c riteria defining
conservatism to regime behavior in Malaysia, it becomes clear that such
criteria are stoutly held by the regime's elites in their quest for social
harmony and political stab ility. Regime maintenance then finds justifica-
tions in such seeming ly sublime e nds, thereby self-perpetuating M alay-
sian conservatism. Such despondency prevailed during Mahathir Mo-
hamad's administration (1981-2003), which displayed bias against
changes and introduced schemes to justify the systems it upheld. [R,
abr.]
62.7251 AHUMADA CERVANTES, Brenda ; CA NDELARIA PELAYO
TORRES, María ; ARANO CASTEÑON, Arturo — Su s-
tentabilidad ambiental, del concepto a la práctica. Una
oportunidad para la implementación de la evaluación
ambiental estratégica en México ( Environmental sustain-
ability, from concep t to practice: an opportunit y for the
implementation of strategic environmental assessment
in Mexico). Gestión y Política pública 21(2), 2012 : 291-332.
The adoption of sustainable development as a purpose represents a
global issue for developing countries and international organizations :
ensuring that environmental considerations are integrated into develop-
ment planning. This article advocates the adoption of Strategic Environ-
mental Assessment [SEA] as a practical mechanism to make environ-
mental sustainability operational. It analyzes the curr ent s tatus of the
development planning process and the Environmental Impact Ev aluation
[EIA] as a baseline for the proposed implementation of SEA i n Mexico.
Finally, the article proposes the reform of the General Law of Ecological
Equilibrium and Environmental Protection to add S EA as a t ool of pre-
ventive environmental policy to assess the environmental impact of
certain sectoral, regional, institutional and special programs referred in
the Act Planning. [R, abr.]
62.7252 ALDRICH, Richar d J. ; KASU KU, John — Escaping from
American intelligence: culture, ethnocentrism and the
Anglosphere. International Affairs 88(5), Sept. 2012 : 1009-
1028.
American inte lligence continues to privilege old-fashi oned strate gic
analysis for policy-mak ers and exhibits a tec hnocratic approa ch to
asymmetric sec urity threats, epitomized by the accelerated use of dron e
strikes and data-mining. Distinguished commentators have focused on
the panacea of top-down reform, while politicians and practitioners have
created entirely new agencies. However, these prescriptions for change
remain conceptually limited because of underlying Anglo-Saxon pre-
sumptions about what intelligence is. Although intelligence is a global
business, when we talk about intelligence we tend to use a vocabulary
that is narrowly derived from the experiences of Am erica and its English-
speaking nebula. This artic le dep loys the n otion of s trategic culture to
explain why this is. It then explores the c ases of China and South Africa
to suggest how w e might begin to rethink our intelligence communities
and their tasks. [R, abr.]
62.7253 AMOS, Merris — The dialogue between United K ingdom
courts and the European Court of Hu man Rights. Interna-
tional and Comparative Law Quarterly 61(3), July 2012 : 557-
584.
This article considers the scope for dialogue between UK courts and the
European Co urt of Human Rights in theory and in practice. Hav ing
demonstrated that meaningful dialogue does take plac e in certain cir-
cumstances, the author considers the impact of dialogue and questions
whether or not there can be any further expansion in dialogue whilst
avoiding negative outcomes such as confusion over the creation of
human rights norms and a loss in legitimacy for national c ourts adjudicat-
ing upon hu man rights issu es. [R]
62.7254 ARJOMAND, Sa id — Middle Eastern constitutio nal and
ideological revolutio ns and the rise of juristocracy. Con-
stellations 19(2), June 2012 : 204-215.
The author positions himself against metaphorical uses of the term
“constitutional revolution” and the related notion of “juristocracy” ad-
vanced by R. Hirschl and provides an account of constitutional develop-
ments in Egypt and Iran to clarify the relationship between judicialization
of politics and “r eal” constitutional revolut ions. Arguing that the pattern of
legal developme nt in Egypt fits the category of new co nstitutionalis m,
whereas the pattern in Iran represents a left-over from the earlier epoc h
of ideologica l constitutions, he uses each case to present an argument
against Hirschl: By highlighting the pattern of legal mobilization in Egypt,
which has facilitated democratization from below, he points to the diffi-
culty of generalizing Hirschl's thesis to a country where constitutional
politics plays the role of offering an aven ue of resistance against authori-
tarian rule. [R, abr.] [See Abstr. 6 2.7076]
62.7255 ASHBEE, Edward — The [US] Obama Administration, the
Left and narratives of failure. Political Quarterly 83(3), July-
Sept. 2012 : 567-575.
B. Obama's election a s US president gave ris e to hopes of radical
reform. Many on the left were quickly disappointed by the limited charac-
ter of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, the abandonment
of proposed refor ms, and the conces sions that were made to ensure the
passage of healthcar e legislation. Some explained these failures through
agency-based acc ounts and pointed to what they s aw as personal
weakness. Others stressed the structural cons traints imposed by the
asymmetric char acter of partisan polarization, the political weight of
capital, and the institutional character of the American state. The article
argues t hat the character of the “O bama coalition” should also be con-
sidered. It has been relatively narrow particularly when compared with
the “Roosevelt coalition”. In particular, it failed to draw business fractions
into its ran ks. [R, abr.]
62.7256 ASQUER, Alberto — Managing the process of decentrali-
zation: transforming old public entities into new agen-
cies in the agricultural sector [in Sardinia, It aly]. Interna-
tional Public Management Journal 15(2), 2012 : 207-229.
In an effort to reconfigure the system for the d elivery of agricultural
services, the Regional Government of Sar dinia in Italy decided, in 200 6,
to suppress five public entities, and to es tablish three regional agencies
in their place. Th is article n arrates the episode of implemen ting the
organizational restructur ing of this part of the regional go vernment's
agricultural policy. Drawing on this case, this article then explains the
process of carrying out org anizational transformatio ns (namely, mergers
and demergers) within sub-national governments' administrative sy s-
tems. The study finds that policy proces s features and context c onditions
figure prominently as ex planatory factors for the path and outc ome of the
implementati on of the orga nizational rest ructuring. [R, a br.]
62.7257 AVERY, Jam es M. ; FINE, Jeffrey A. — Racial composition,
white racial attitudes, and black representation: testing
the racial threat hypothesis in the United States Senate.
Political Behav ior 34(3), Sept. 2012 : 394-410.
We make th e case for why the rac ial-threat hypothesis should character-
ize the relationship between states' racial composition, whites' racial
attitudes, and black repr esentation in the US Senate. Consis tent with this
claim, we find that senators from states with larger percentages of
African-America ns among the e lectorate a nd more racially conservative
preferences among whites provide worse representation of black inter-
ests in t he Senat e than their counterparts . We also apply theories of
congressional cross-pressures in considering how senator partisanship
and region moderate the effect of white racial attitudes on black repre-
sentation. Finally, consistent with the racial-threat hypothesis, we show
that the negative effect of white racial attitudes on the quality of black
representation is stronger when state unemployment rates are higher.
[R]
62.7258 BAH, Abu Bakarr — State decay: a conceptu al f rame of
failing and failed states in West Africa. International Jour-
nal of Politics, Cultur e and Soc iety 25(1-3), Sept. 2012 : 71-
89.
Governmental and administrative institutions
722
Civil wars in Africa have brought many states to near collapse while
many others have been plagued by political and economic failures.
Studies of Afr ica have frequent ly noted the prev alence of weak and failed
states. However, the notion of state failure rests more on the outcome of
the political, economic, and social crises that have undermined Afr ican
states, rather than the process of s tate failure. While the notion of state
failure is a useful conc ept for studying the realities of war-torn Afr ican
states, it is an inadequate concept to explain the conditions that lead
African states into civil war. This study develops the notion of state decay
and c ontends that it is a much more useful concept for ex amining the
conditions that lead to civil wars and state failure in Africa. [R]
62.7259 BAKKER, Judith, et al. — Citizens’ initiatives [ in the Neth-
erlands]: how l ocal governments fill their facilitative role.
Local Government Studies 38(4), Aug. 2012 : 395-414.
In the context of drastic cutbac ks, many Dutch municipalities consider
citizens' initiatives (CIs) as an attractive alternative for municipal policies
aimed at improv ing the livability and safety in neighborhoods, simultane-
ously building res ponsible citizenship. We combine differe nt th eoretical
perspectives to analyze the institutional settings in which CIs are being
realized, and how municipalities try to facilitate s uch initiatives. Munici-
palities can do this by either trying to structure the relevant networks or
by v arious forms of process management. This analysis sheds light on
how municipalities use a variety of instruments to mobilize citizens to
participate in CIs. In using such instr uments they can influence various
factors (like motivations, personal resources, social capit al and expected
responsiveness) that increase the likelihood of civic engagement. [R]
62.7260 BALDI, Gregor y — Schools with a diff erence: policy
discourses and education reform in Britain and Ger-
many. West European Politics 35(5), Sept. 2012 : 999-1023.
This article explains why Br itain reformed its early post-war policy of
placing students in separate secondar y schools on the basis of per-
ceived ability while Germany has retained the practice. While recent
accounts of skill-formation have stressed the role of producer groups in
shaping the development of education and training systems in advanced
democracies, this art icle maintains that the variation observed in the
cases is largely explained by the timing of changes in dominant policy
discourses. In Britain, new ideas concerning human ability led policy-
makers to reconsider the appropriateness of differentiation in secondary
education, leading to chan ges in the 1960s that created “c omprehensive”
schools attended by most students. In West Germany, by contr ast,
cultural federalism and structural legacies from the Nazi era served to
delay the acceptance of such i deas. [R, abr.]
62.7261 BASSOK, Or — The two countermajoritarian difficulties
[in the US political system]. Saint Louis University Public
Law Review 31(2), 2012 : 333-382.
In recent y ears, the countermajoritar ian difficulty has split into two.
According to its traditional version, the difficulty arises when unaccount-
able [U S] Justices strike down statutes passed by electorally account-
able branches of gov ernment. According to the newer, literal version, th e
difficulty arises w hen Justices strike down statutes that are supported by
the major ity according to public opinion polls. By explicating the differ-
ence between the two versions of the difficulty, I expose the deep influ-
ence of public opi nion polls on American constitutional thought. For
many years, s cholars conflated the two difficulties under one banner and
offered normative justificati ons for the Court's countermajor itarian author-
ity. I n recent years, many con stitutional theorists, oriented tow ard soc ial
science, attempt to dissolve the literal countermajoritarian diff iculty by
showing that the Court is not countering the majority will but following it.
[R, abr.]
62.7262 BATTISTA, Jam es Coleman — State legisl ative commit-
tees [USA] and economic connections: expertise and in-
dustry service. State Politics and Policy Quarterly 12(3),
Sept. 2012 : 284-302.
American state legislators co mmonly remain connected to the market,
giving them the pot ential for unique expertise on how policy affects the
industries they are conn ected to and t he opport unity to help enact law s
favoring those industries. This paper describes the extent to which state
legislative commit tees a re pop ulated by legislators with economic con-
nections to their jurisdicti on, and analyz es appointment patter ns to hel p
distinguish stack ing to tap expertise from stacking to serve an industry. I
find that a substantial minority of committees are stack ed with connected
legislators . Appointm ent pat terns sho w limite d evidenc e for expertise in
education and health car e, for industry service in bank ing, and for both in
agriculture. [R]
62.7263 BATTO, Nathan F. ; KIM, Henry A. — Coordinative advan-
tages of state resources under SNTV: the case of Taiwan.
Japanese Journal of Political Science 13(3), Sept. 2012 :
355-377.
Success in SNTV [single no n-transferable vote] requires not merely
winning but also coordinating votes. Gover ning parties often reap coordi-
nation adv antage thanks to their control of the s tate and its resourc es.
Since gover ning parties in authoritar ian states enjoy greater control ov er
the state and its resources, we argue that they should also enjoy magni-
fied coordinative advantages in SNTV e lection. Of c ourse, authoritarian
regimes often use state resources to win more votes; we argue that, in
SNTV, in ad dition to winni ng more votes, those votes c an also be distrib-
uted more e ffectively. We de monstrate our claims using election data
from both local a nd nat ional SNTV elections in Taiwan from 1954 to
2005. [R]
62.7264 BENDOUROU, O mar — La nouvelle Constitution maro-
caine du 29 juillet 2011 (The new Moroccan Constitution
of 29 July 2011). Revue française de Droit constitutionnel
91, July 2012 : 511-536.
While the new Constitutio n in novates in proclaiming the separat ion of
powers, the monarchy remains the keystone of the political system.
Sooner or later, th e regime must evolve towards an acceptance of
democratic legitimacy as prepond erant.
62.7265 BENNISTER, Mark ; HEFFERNAN, Richard — Cameron as
Prime Ministe r: the intra-execut ive politics of Britain's
coalition government. Parliamenta ry Affairs 65(4), Oct.
2012 : 778-801.
Forming a coalition involves compromise, so a prime minister heading up
a coalition government, even one as predominant a party leader as D.
Cameron, should not be as powerf ul as a prime minister leading a s ingle-
party gover nment. Cameron has still to work with and through ministers
from his own party, but has also to work with and through Liberal Democ-
rat ministers — not least the Liberal Democrat leader N. Clegg. The
relationship between the prime minister and his deputy is unchartered
territory for re cent academic stud y of the British pri me minister. This
article ex plores how Cameron and Clegg operate with in both Whitehall
and Westminster: the cabinet arrangements, the prime minister' s patron-
age, advisory resources and mor e informal mechanisms. [R, abr.]
62.7266 BESANCENOT, Sophie — An Anglophone invention? The
difficult emergence of a French security sector reform
practice. International Peacekeeping 19(3), June 2012 : 348-
362.
The concept of security sector reform (SSR) was first formulated by UK
development actors. Since 2008, Franc e has officially adopted an S SR
strategy and promoted the concept at the European level during the
country's 2008 EU Presidency. However, what appears on paper to
resemble full support from French institutions is in fact more complex. If
the Anglophone roots of the policy initiative do not seemingly ex plain its
lack of institution alization in the French context, it would appear that the
difficulty faced by the French administration in fin ding a whole-of-
government agreement on what the content of SSR should be, does. [ R]
[See Abstr. 62.8089]
62.7267 BIDDULPH, Sarah ; COONEY, Sean ; ZHU Ying — Rule of
law wit h Chinese characteristics: the role of campaigns
in lawmaking. Law and Policy 34(4), Oct. 2012 : 373-401.
We explore the role played by the enforcement campaign in the devel-
opment of the Chinese le gal system. We focus on the campaign waged
between 2004 and 2007 to redress the chronic failure to pay wages.
Chinese en forcement camp aigns are integr ally linked to cycles of law
reform in the PRC. They also have an important role in influencing the
drafting of legislation and the interpretation of law. This artic le documents
the impact of th is campaign on the production of law: in s peeding up the
iterative process of lawmaking, interpretation, and implementation , with
production of import ant reforms to existing lab or law in 2007 and 2008 . It
is the s trong "planned" nature of the campaign and its emp hasis on sta te
leadership of lawmak ing and enforcement that shapes China's particular
version of the "rule of law". [R, abr.]
62.7268 BLACK, Ry an C. ; BOYD, Christina L. — US Sup reme Court
agenda setting and the role of litigant status. Journal of
Law, Economics and Organization 28(2), June 2012 : 286-
312.
Whether the " haves" come out ahead of the "have nots" in the judicial
process is a topic of gr eat interest for scholars of the judiciary. Although
studies of lower courts have found that litigant status generally matters,
research at the US Supreme Court is not of one voice, with conflicting
results across several studies. Bringing a novel perspective to this
debate, we analyze litigant status at the Supreme Court's agenda-setting
stage. Using archival data from the articles of Justice Blackmun, we find
that litigant status influences the Court's decision making but that the
nature of the effect can be mitigated by the interplay between a justice's
ideology and the presence o f interest gro up support. [R]
62.7269 BOEHMKE, Frederic k J . ; SKINNER , Pa ul — State policy
[USA] innovativeness revisited. State Politics and Policy
Quarterly 12(3), Sept. 2012 : 303-329.
Institutions politi ques et administratives
723
How do the American states vary in their propensity for innovativeness,
or their wil lingness to adopt new policies sooner or later relative to other
states? Most studies today use event history analysis (EHA) to focus
almost exclusively on one policy area at a time at the expense of a
broader understanding of innovativeness as a c haracteristic of states .
Our study revisits and updates the original approach with new data
covering more than 180 different policies. We use these data to construct
a new, dynamic measure of innovativeness that addresses biases and
shortcomings in the original measure and we provide measures of
uncertainty for both. [R, abr. ]
62.7270 BOSWELL, C hristina — How information scarcity influ-
ences the policy agenda: evidence from U.K. im migration
policy. Governance 25(3), July 2012 : 367-389.
This article explores how patterns of information-supply on policy prob-
lems influ ence politica l attention. It advance s two central claims: (1)
different policy areas are as sociated with dist inct practices in monitoring
policy problems: s ome produce abundant, ongoing, and reliable informa-
tion, while others yield scarce, s poradic, and/or unreliable data. (2)
These variations in information-supply are likely to influence political
attention, with information-rich areas associated with a more proportion-
ate distributio n of attent ion, and i nformation-poor areas yielding punctu-
ated attention. The ar ticle tests these claims through comparing UK
political attent ion to as ylum and illegal immigration. Asylum is observed
on an ongoing basis through b ureaucratic data, court hearings, and lay
observations, producing more c onstant and propor tionate political atten-
tion. Illegal immigration is obser ved sporadically through focusing e vents,
usually police operations, el iciting more punctuated attention. [R, abr .]
62.7271 BRIDGE, Colin — Citizen centric service in the Au stralian
Department of Human Services: the department's experi-
ence in engaging the community in co-design of gov-
ernment service delive ry and developments in e-
government services. Australian Journal of Public Admini-
stration 71(2), June 2012 : 167-177.
The Department of Human Services (DHS) is responsible for delivering
the majority of the Australian Governments social, health and welfare
programs. Gover nment services have traditionally been delivered in
policy program silos. However, t here has been growing acknowledge-
ment of the overlapping needs of those accessing ser vices, such as
employment, men tal health an d housing. C o-design moves tow ards
gaining an understand ing of the experiences of the users and their
communities, and giving these communities a legitimate role in develop-
ment and design. Co-design is about finding the balance betw een what
customers want, what is possible and what is viable. DHS has under-
taken a series of community fora to better understand these needs and
wants, to further inform the development of new service offers under the
Australian Gov ernment's Service Delivery Reform (SDR) agenda. [R,
abr.] [See Abstr. 62.7763]
62.7272 BROCKER, Manfred — Scharia-Gerichte in westlichen
Demokratien. Eine Betrachtung au s Sicht der Politischen
Philosophie (Shari’a [Islami c law] court s in western de-
mocracies: a political philosophy contribution). Zeitschrift
für Politik 59(3), Sept. 2012 : 314-331.
The active support expressed by fundamentalist Muslim migrants for the
introduction of Shari’a c ourts has trigger ed intense de bate in the Wes tern
democracies affected. While official Shari’a court s are perm itted in s ome
countries, they meet in secret in others. This article evaluates the exis-
tence of these courts from the perspec tive of political philosophy, incor-
porating the viewpoints of liberalism and multicultura lism. Both come to
the same conclusion: in constitutional democracies, multiple systems of
law canno t operate with eq ual status . Given that the "positive neutrality"
of the state towards religion, as practiced in Germany and Austri a,
already takes the religious needs of minorities including Muslims exten-
sively into consideration, further-reaching demands for the introduction of
Shari’a la w appear to be pri marily motivate d by rea sons of ide ology and
power politics. [R]
62.7273 BROOKS, Thom — The B ritish citizenship test: the case
for reform. Political Quarter ly 83(3), July-Sept. 2012 : 560-
566.
Immigration presents a daunting challenge to successive British govern-
ments. The public ranks immigration as one of the leading policy issues
after the ec onomy and employment. There is also greater public support
for stronger immigration controls than in many other countries. In re-
sponse, government strategy has included the use of a citizenship test.
While the citizensh ip test is widely acknowledge d a s one key part of
immigration policy, the test has received surprisingly little cr itical analy-
sis. This article [examines] serious problems with the current test and
offers recommendations for its revision and reform. [R, abr.]
62.7274 BROWN, Lawrence D. — The fox and the grapes: is real
[health care policy] reform beyond reach in th e U nited
States? Journal of H ealth Politics, Policy and Law 37(4),
Aug. 2012 : 587-609.
As the challen ges of maintaining (or, in the US c ase, attaining) aff ordable
universal coverage multiply, th e debate about what constitutes “real”
reform intensifies in Western health care systems. The reality of reform,
however, lies in the eyes of myriad beholders who v ariously ens hrine
consumer responsibility, changes in payment systems, reorganization,
and other strategies — or some encompassing combination of all of the
above — as the essential ingredient(s). This debate, increasingly in-
formed by t he agendas of health services r esearchers and health policy
analysts, arguably serves as muc h or mor e to becloud as to clarify the
practical options p olicy maker s face and remains severely imbalanced
with respect to the institutional sectors on which it concentrates, the
fields of knowledge on which it draws, and the roles it env isions for
markets and the state. [R] [First ar ticle of a thematic issue "In search of
real reform: policies and politics of health system transformation", edited
and introduced, pp. 575-586, by Pierre-Gerlier FOREST and Jean-Louis
DENIS. See also Abstr. 62.6922, 6981, 7163, 7432]
62.7275 BULLOCK, David — Emissions trad ing in N ew Z ealand:
development, challenges and design. Environmental Poli-
tics 21(4), July 2012 : 657-675.
Successive New Zealand gover nments have failed to adopt effec tive
climate-change policies. A positive step was taken with the New Zealand
Emissions Tr ading Scheme in 2008, founded on a framewor k of compre-
hensive cov erage, applying to all sectors of the economy and all Kyoto
gases, addressing the challenge of creating an emissions-trading
scheme tailored for a country characterized by large fores t sink s and
substantial agricultural emissions. Amendments in 2009 created signifi-
cant changes in the way the scheme operates. The development of New
Zealand's climate-change policy highlights the difficulties of a unique
emissions prof ile and strong political interests, particularly the influence
of a powerful agriculture sector . [R, abr.] [See Abstr. 62.7141]
62.7276 BURGOON, Brian ; KOSTER , Ferry ; VAN EGMOND, Marce l
— Support for redistributi on and the parad ox of immigra-
tion. Journal of European Social Policy 22(2), July 2012 :
288-304.
This paper argues that immigration has varying implications for attitudes
about gov ernment redistrib ution depending on the level at w hich immi-
gration is experienced. Working in occupations with high er s hares of
foreign-born employees can raise individual economic insecurit ies in
ways that might overwhelm the way high foreign-born shares of the
population c an reduce s olidarity or increase fiscal burdens. Hence,
experiencing more im migration in one’s occupation might more positively
affect support for government redistribution than does experiencing more
national-level immigration. We test this and other expectations on survey
data in 17 European polities , focused on occupational and national
measures of immigrat ion. While national-le vel ex posure to fo reign-born
populations tends to have little effect on support for government redistri-
bution, occupational-level expos ure to immigration tends t o s pur such
support. [R, abr.]
62.7277 BUSEMEYER, Marius R. — Inequality and the political
economy of edu cation: an analysis of ind ividual prefer-
ences in OECD countries. Journal of European Social Pol-
icy 22(2), July 2012 : 219-240.
Scholarly interest in the study of educat ion from th e perspective of
political science has incr eased rapidly in the last few year s. However, the
literature negl ects the analysis of micro-level foun dations of education
policies in terms of ind ividual preferences and their interac tion with
macro contexts. This paper engages in a multilevel analysis of survey
data for a large number of OECD countries. The core resear ch question
is how institu tional contexts — in this case socio-economic and educa-
tional inequalities — shape the micro-leve l association between the
individual in come position and support for education spending. [R, abr.]
62.7278 BYRNE, Bridget — A local w elcome? Narrations of citi-
zenship and nation in UK citizenship ceremonies. Citi-
zenship Studies 16(3-4), June 2012 : 531-544.
In 2004, the first c itizenship cer emony was c onducted in the London
Borough of Brent. These compulsory ceremonies for those who have
been gra nted British citizenship had been proposed in the government
White Paper an d then in the 2002 National ity, Imm igration a nd Asylu m
Act. They wer e designed to celebrate the mom ent of achieving citizen-
ships and were one response to a perceived “crisis of citizenship” in
Britain. This study examines the texts of the “local welcome” which is
given by a loca l dignitary at every c eremony as a moment of invention of
tradition and of narrating citizenship and thereby narrating the nation-
state. The study explores how and what the speeches tell us about
understandings of citizenship and its relationship to diversity. It explores
how history is also represented within the speeches. [R, abr.]
62.7279 CHALECKI, Elizabeth L. ; FERRARI, Lisa L. — More maple
leaf, less CO2: Canada and a g lobal geo-engineering re-
gime. Canadian Foreign Policy 18(1), March 2012 : 120-13 2.
While US-led u nipolarity may still be the guiding frame for post-Cold War
internationa l economic, political, and military relations, we argue that its
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