IV: Political Process: Public Opinion, Attitudes, Parties, Forces, Groups and Elections/Vie Politique: Opinion Publique, Attitudes, Partis, Forces, Groupes et Élections
| Published date | 01 October 2012 |
| Date | 01 October 2012 |
| DOI | http://doi.org/10.1177/002083451206200504 |
| Subject Matter | Abstracts |
IV
POLITICAL PROCESS : PUBLIC OPINION,
ATTITUDES, PARTIES, FORCES, GROUPS AND ELECTIONS
VIE POLITIQUE : OPINION PUBLIQUE,
ATTITUDES, PARTIS, FORCES, GROUPES ET ÉLECTIONS
62.6164
ABBOTT, Jason P. — Cacophony or empowerment?
filiation in Colombian mayoral elections. Latin American
Analysing the impact of new information communication
Politics and Society 54(2), Summer 2012 : 109-132.
technologies and new social media in Southeast Asia.
Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 2011(4) : 3-32.
Political decentralization has been promoted as a way to devolve re-
sponsibility, bring government closer to citizens, and improve account-
The capabilities, tools and websites we associate with new information
ability. The shift prompted new local elections, but were the elected
communication technologies and social media are now ubiquitous.
officials responsive to citizens or to national party elites? This study
Moreover, tools designed to facilitate innocuous conversation and social
examines unique survey data from 125 Colombian mayors to identify the
interaction have had unforeseen political impacts. During the 2011
factors they believe were critical in their victories and thereby to identify
uprisings across the Arab World, from Tunis to Cairo, and Tripoli to
the people to whom they believe they owe loyalty: citizens or party
Damascus, protest movements against authoritarian rule openly utilized
leaders. Examining the relative value mayors assign to their own actions
social networking and file sharing tools to publicize and organize demon-
versus those of the party, combined with information on how they fi-
strations and to catalogue human rights abuses. The Arab Spring, or
nanced campaigns, sheds important light on subnational electoral dy-
Jasmine Revolution, was an event that was both witnessed and played
namics in Colombia. [R]
out in real time online. This article explores the impacts and effects of
these technologies on regimes in East Asia, in particular exploring the
extent to which they proffer new capabilities upon activists and reformers
62.6169
AZI, Lev-On — YouTube usage in low-visibility political
in the region's semi-democratic and authoritarian regimes. [R, abr.]
campaigns. Journal of Information Technology and Politics
9(2), Apr.-June 2012 : 205-216.
62.6165
ALTHAUS, Scott L. ; BRAMLETT, Brittany H. ; GIMPEL,
Social networking platforms and video-sharing sites like YouTube gener-
James G. — When war hits home: the geography of mili-
ate hopes for a more participatory politics and stronger connections
tary losses and [US] support for war in time and space.
between citizens and representatives, particularly at the local level. This
Journal of Conflict Resolution 56(3), June 2012 : 382-412.
article examines these trajectories by analyzing the YouTube presence
The "proximate casualties" hypothesis holds that popular support for
of candidates in municipal election campaigns, as wel as public in-
American wars is undermined more by the deaths of American personnel
volvement in these campaigns. [R]
from nearby areas than by the deaths of those from far away. However,
no previous research has tested the mechanisms that might produce this
62.6170
BACHELOT, Carole — Un gouvernement des pairs ? De la
effect. This omission contributes to three areas of lingering uncertainty
collégialité au sommet des partis : le cas du Parti social-
within the war support literature: whether national or local losses have a
iste (Rule by peers? On collegiality at the top of parties:
greater effect on war support, whether the negative effects of war deaths
a case study of the French Socialist Party). Revue fran-
are durable or temporary, and whether the negative effects of war deaths
çaise de Science politique 62(3), June 2012 : 383-408. [Ré-
have a greater influence on the most or least attentive citizens. Analysis
sumé en français]
of Iraq War data shows that local losses have a greater effect on war
In line with the elitist approach, parties and their leaders have been
support than national losses, that these casualty effects decay rapidly,
mostly studied in terms of top-down power relationships, framed by
and that citizens who closely follow news at the national and local levels
electoral strategies. More attention should be paid to internal relation-
are least affected by new information about war costs. These findings
ships between "peers" at the top of political organizations. Based on an
run contrary to the prevailing cost-benefit calculus model of war support.
empirical study of the French Socialist Party, this paper demonstrates
[R]
that the notion of col egiality, borrowed from the sociology of organiza-
tions, is helpful for understanding these complex relationships. Relying
62.6166
AMES, Barry ; GARCIA-SANCHEZ, Miguel ; SMITH, Amy
on tensions between formal equality and statutory differentiations, they
Erica — Keeping up with the Souzas: social influence and
impact their specific activities, such as negotiation, deliberation and
electoral change in a weak party system, Brazil 2002-
decisions. [R]
2006. Latin American Politics and Society 54(2), Summer
2012 : 51-78.
62.6171
BACKES, Uwe — NPD-Verbot: Pro und Contra (The
Despite weak partisanship and considerable political change in the wake
prohibition of the [German] NPD [National Democratic
of the 2002 election, three-quarters of Brazilian voters supported in 2006
Party] — for and against). Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte
a presidential candidate from the same party they had backed in 2002.
62(18-19), 30 Apr. 2012 : 9-15.
This article assesses the factors causing both electoral stability and
No left-right divide may be discerned in the academic or public debate
electoral change with a transition model, a model testing whether the
concerning the potential ban of the German Neo-Nazi NPD. There are
effects of respondents' evaluative criteria depend on their initial vote
advocates of prohibition on the right as wel as opponents of the ban on
choices. Social context — personal discussion networks, neighborhood
the left: both sides hold legitimate arguments. Regardless of background,
influences, and the interactions of social networks and municipal context
the factors are multiple, but the adherence to democratic schools of
— is the major force promoting stability and change, while the impact of
thought remains decisive. [See Abstr. 62.6342]
partisanship is limited to a small share of voters. [R]
62.6172
BACON, Edwin — Electoral manipulation and the devel-
62.6167
ARTER, David — Analysing "successor parties": the case
opment of Russia's political system. East European Poli-
of the True Finns. West European Politics 35(4), July 2012 :
tics 28(2), June 2012 : 105-118.
803-825.
The al egations of electoral manipulation surrounding Russia's parlia-
While the "successor party" (SP) has a well-established place in the
mentary election of December 2011 were nothing new. Regional elec-
literature on post-communist Eastern and Central Europe, occasional
tions in October 2009 resulted in victory for Putin's United Russia, fol-
references to its West European counterpart have tended to use the term
lowed by a walkout from the State Duma by the other parliamentary
loosely. Focusing on the process of party origination, this article makes a
parties, to protest the elections' conduct. Multi-layered questions sur-
case for viewing the SP as a distinct genus in the West European party
round the role of electoral manipulation for different actors in Russia's
hemisphere. The SP is a party which is nominal y and legally a new
political system. Analysis focused on the elections of October 2009
entity that takes the place of, and fills at least some of the political space
shows that regime, opposition, and regional authorities all have conflict-
vacated by, a single, defunct party of origin. SPs emerge with a clear
ing motivations. For the regime, electoral manipulation helps to secure
political inheritance. What this is and how they interpret and respond to
power and legitimacy, but its uncovering undermines that legitimacy. For
the inheritance makes the case for their systematic study. The question
the opposition, participation in elections provides an opportunity to both
of party change in SPs is analyzed by reference to the True Finns. [R,
gain electoral representation and to de-legitimize the regime by declaring
abr.]
the bal ot flawed. [R, abr.]
62.6168
AVELLANEDA, Claudia N. ; ESCOBAR-LEMMON, María C.
62.6173
BALAND, Jean-Marie ; ROBINSON, James A. — The politi-
— All by myself: personal qualifications versus party af-
cal value of land: political reform and land prices in
612
Vie politique : opinion publique, attitudes, partis, forces, groupes et élections
Chile. American Journal of Political Science 56(3), July
Russian North. Europe-Asia Studies 64(4), June 2012 : 645-
2012 : 601-619.
671.
We argue that when patron-client relations are grounded in economic
This article examines complex patterns of interaction between human
relationships, such as between landlord and worker, we should expect
settlement and the environment in the industrialized Russian North. I
clientelism to influence not just how public policy, the state, and the
analyze how new mining towns, built during the Soviet period, were
political system work, but also how the economy...
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