Menachem Mautner, LAW AND THE CULTURE OF ISRAEL Oxford: Oxford University Press (www.oup.com), 2011. x + 267 pp. ISBN 9780199600564. £34.95.

DOI10.3366/elr.2012.0088
AuthorAdam Hofri-Winogradow
Date01 January 2012
Published date01 January 2012
Pages125-126

Menachem Mautner is a pivotal figure in the history of the Israeli legal academy: long a popular contracts scholar and teacher, Mautner has since the early 1990s gradually transformed himself into a leading socio-legal theorist. Mautner's personal transformation is emblematic of a larger paradigm shift in Israeli legal academia, from formalist, doctrinal legal studies, which were the leading idiom of juristic study for decades and, until the 1990s, to the study of law – both in books and in action – by way of economics, history and various social sciences, which has increasingly become the new leading idiom of Israeli legal studies. Mautner's 1992 book, The Decline of Formalism and Rise of Values in Israeli Law, was a principal harbinger of this shift; the book's subject matter was a similar paradigm shift in Israeli case law, from technical, deductive techniques to a naked weighing of the competing values relevant to each case. Both the transformation in judicial technique and its later academic echo emulated similar transformations which had earlier taken place in the United States.

Mautner's current book, Law and the Culture of Israel, condenses twenty years’ worth of publications into 226 pages. Subjects Mautner has discussed at great length in Hebrew are here discussed in brief. The book thus reflects, in a relatively restricted space, the many dimensions of Mautner's thought, including social and political theory (focusing on different versions of liberalism and the multiculturalism debate), a careful analysis of legal doctrine, “legal realist”, contextual discussion of doctrinal texts, legal history and general history. He brings this multiplicity of disciplines to bear on the history of Israeli law since the early 20th Century, demonstrating how Israel's jurists functioned as agents in its complex and conflicted culture wars.

The legal history of the Zionist project, as Mautner tells it, can be briefly put as follows. Early 20th Century efforts at developing, out of traditional Jewish law, a modernized “Hebrew law” which could stand beside the revived Hebrew language, Hebrew literature and the Hebrew political, territorial entity (not to mention the Hebrew University, Hebrew postal service and so on) have failed. Most of Mandate Palestine's jurists preferred adopting the legal culture of their British masters to the uncertainties of “Hebrew law”. This adoption injected the liberal ideas inherent in the Common Law into Palestinian, and later...

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