National approaches of EU Member States in concluding bilateral social security agreements with third countries
| Published date | 01 June 2018 |
| Author | Frans Pennings |
| DOI | 10.1177/1388262718771787 |
| Date | 01 June 2018 |
| Subject Matter | Articles |
Article
National approaches of
EU Member States in
concluding bilateral social
security agreements with
third countries: The case
of the Netherlands
Frans Pennings*
Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Abstract
This article describes the history of policies for making bilateral agreements by the Netherlands, a
country with considerable migration to and from over time and one of the founding states of the
EEC. For this reason, the characteristics of the agreements made and the main developments over
time can provide a mirror for discussion of the bilateral agreements of other Member States. The
development of the reasons of making bilateral agreements are described and this makes it possible
to distinguish several generations of agreements. It is contended that this is useful in describing the
agreements made by other countries.
Keywords
Bilateral agreements, social security, EU, Netherlands, bilateral agreements by the Netherlands,
migrants
Introduction
It is impossible to achieve a complete overview of the social security bilateral agreements of all
Member States, because there are so many of them and because there is no common database. Even
for a particular country it can be difficult to obtain a complete overview. In the words of the
European Commission: the process of makin g bilateral agreements is highly fragmen ted; EU
Member States generally negotiate bilateral agreements without reference to what their partner
Corresponding author:
Frans Pennings, Professor of Labour Law and Social Security Law, School of Law, Utrecht University, kamer/room 3A.27,
Newtonlaan 201, NL 3584 BH Utrecht.
E-mail: f.pennings@uu.nl
European Journal of Social Security
2018, Vol. 20(2) 162–172
ªThe Author(s) 2018
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DOI: 10.1177/1388262718771787
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