Prejudice toward immigrants in student and community samples
| Published date | 10 October 2016 |
| Pages | 290-300 |
| Date | 10 October 2016 |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1108/JACPR-03-2016-0217 |
| Author | Emily F. Wood,Monica K. Miller |
Prejudice toward immigrants in student
and community samples
Emily F. Wood and Monica K. Miller
Emily F. Wood is a Doctoral
Student and Monica K. Miller is
a Professor, both at the
University of Nevada, Reno,
Nevada, USA.
Abstract
Purpose –The number of immigrants in the USA has increased steadily in recent decades. Two studies
investigated individual differences that relate to attitudes toward immigrants in student and community
samples. The paper aims to discuss this issue.
Design/methodology/approach –US university students and a community sampler were surveyed.
Findings –In both samples, higher scores on attributional complexity were associated with more positive
attitudes toward immigrants and individuals who make dispositional attributions for the causes of crime and/
or who are higher in faith in intuition tended to have more negative attitudes. Political orientation was a
significant predictor in both samples; being more liberal and identifying as a Democrat compared to a
Republican was related to more positive attitudes. Higher need for cognition scores were associated with
more positive attitudes and higher legal authoritarianism scores were associated with more negative
attitudes; however these were only significant predictors in the community sample.
Originality/value –Prejudicial attitudes toward immigrants can have adverse effects on immigrants in the
realms of the legal system, workplace, healthcare, and education.
Keywords Prejudice, Immigrants, Discrimination, Attributions, Cognitive processing, Sample differences
Paper type Research paper
Because the rate of immigration has increased steadily in the past few decades (Bureau of the
Census, 2012), immigrant related issues are salient in the media and in political and social
arenas. Attitudes toward immigrants vary drastically. Some people (51 percent in a survey
conducted by Pew Research Center, 2015) believe that immigrants strengthen the country
(Hamilton et al., 2010). Others (41 percent in the same survey), view immigrants as burdens
(Hamilton et al., 2010).
Understanding attitudes toward immigrants is important because attitudes are a key
component in the form ation of prejudice, which can lead to discrimination (Quillan, 2006). For
example, jurors who hold negative attitudes toward immigrants might show prejudice toward
immigrant defendants (Holmberg and Kyvsgaard, 2003), immigrants might experience
employment discrimination (Chao and Nguyen, 2005; Derous et al., 2009; Soylu and
Buchanan, 2013), or immigrants might be the target of aggression and violence (Anderson,
2002). Perceived prejudice and discrimination is related to negative health outcomes such as
higher stress and poor mental and physical health. (Araújo and Borrell, 2006; Karlsen and
Nazroo, 2002; Williams et al., 2003). As individual differences are factors that substantially
explain variation in prejudice (Hodson and Dhont, 2015), determining individual difference
variables that relate to attitudes toward immigrants is important for understanding and
combatting negative attitudes and prejudice.
Past research has examined broad reasons for negative attitudes (e.g. labor market competition)
and how basic demographic variables relate to attitudes (Hainmueller and Hopkins, 2014;
Received 5 March 2016
Revised 24 April 2016
18 June 2016
28 June 2016
Accepted 29 June 2016
PAGE290
j
JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION,CONFLICTANDPEACE RESEARCH
j
VOL. 8 NO. 4 2016, pp.290-300,© Emerald Group Publishing Limited, ISSN 1759-6599DOI 10.1108/JACPR-03-2016-0217
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