Review: Development as Freedom
| Date | 01 March 2000 |
| Author | Jennifer Clapp |
| Published date | 01 March 2000 |
| DOI | 10.1177/002070200005500119 |
| Subject Matter | Review |
Reviews
cratic
millenarian
movements'
with
the
determination
to
use
nuclear,
chemical,
or
biological
weapons
(weapons
of
mass
destruction)
to
achieve
their
ends.
His
analysis
leads
to
the conclusion
that
the
March
1995
Tokyo subway
nerve
gas
attack
by
Aum
Shinrikyo,
the
bombing
of
Oklahoma
City's Alfred
P.
Murrah
Building
in
1995,
and
the
1993
World
Trade
Center bombing
together mark
a
turning
point
in
the
evolution
of
terrorism.
Religion
has
now
joined
firmly
with
nationalist
and
ideological
terrorism
to
create
an
explosive
mixture.
In
the
last
chapter
on Terrorism
Today
and
Tomorrow,
the
author
warns,
among
other
things,
that
state-sponsored
terrorist
attacks
dur-
ing
the
1980s
were
overall
eight
times
more
lethal
than
attacks
by
other
groups.
Also,
the
attack
on Colonel
Quaddafi
in
1986
led
to increased,
not
decreased,
terrorist
attacks,
much
more
craftily
concealed
than
before.
Quaddafi
also gave
significant
matdriel
to
the
Irish
Republican
Army
(IRA)
in
Ireland, which
will
have
greatly
added
to
the
burden
of
British
taxpayers
in
the security
field.
Hoffman
also
argues
that,
although
the
number
of
terrorist
incidents
may
be
down
in
the
late
1990s,
the
number
of
deaths
has significantly
increased.
I
am,
however,
somewhat
disappointed
in
the
thin
coverage
of
air-
craft
hijacking
which,
though
responsible
for
a
small
percentage
of
ter-
rorist
activity,
is
high
in
media
visibility
and
personal
drama
and
forms
a
defining part
of
modern
terrorism. None
of
the
recent
studies
in
hijacking,
including
Rodney
Wallis'
CombatingAir
Terrorism,
are
to
be
found
in
the
bibliography.
Also,
the
origins
of
the
Black
September
Organization
-
including
events
in
Jordan
in
1970
-
the
Italian
Red
Brigades,
and the
IRA
are
not
covered.
Small
criticisms
aside,
this thoroughly
worthwhile
book
is
an
important
addition
to
the
literature
on
international
terrorism
and
belongs
in
the
hands
of
security
specialists,
government
leaders,
and
the
reading
public.
Count
on
the
terrorists reading
it.
Peter
St
John/University
of
Manitoba
DEVELOPMENT
AS
FREEDOM
Amartya
Sen
New
York
and
Toronto:
Knopf
and
Random
House,
1999,
xvi,
36 6
pp,
$41.50,
ISBN
0-375-40619-0
Enhancing
people's
freedoms
is
what development
is
all
about, not
just
as
an
end
objective,
but
also
as
the
primary
means
to
achieving it.
This
160
INTERNATIONAL
JOURNAL
Winter 1999-2000
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