Truro Corporation v Rowe

JurisdictionEngland & Wales
Year1902
Date1902
CourtCourt of Appeal
[COURT OF APPEAL.] CORPORATION OF TRURO v. ROWE. 1902 Aug. 1, 4, 5, 11. COLLINS M.R., STIRLING and COZENS-HARDY L.JJ.

Fishery - Oysters - Depositing Oysters on Foreshore for purpose of Storage - Incident of Public Right of Fishing - Municipal Corporation - Power to acquire Lease of Foreshore - Sea Fisheries Act, 1868 (31 & 32 Vict. c. 45), s. 41 - Municipal Corporations Act, 1882 (45 & 46 Vict. c. 50), s. 250.

The oysters in an oyster fishery were when freshly dredged unfit for consumption by reason of their being contaminated with impurities in the water, and the defendant, a fisherman, after dredging deposited his oysters in a particular portion of the foreshore indicated by boundary marks and left them there until they were ready for market:—

Held, that the defendant had no right, as incidental to the exercise by him of the public right of fishing, to appropriate a portion of the foreshore for the storage of his oysters to the exclusion of the rest of the public.

Where a municipal corporation, empowered by charter to hold lands, tenements and hereditaments, and goods and chattels, has obtained an order from the Board of Trade conferring a right of regulating an oyster fishery under the Sea Fisheries Act, 1868, it may lawfully take a lease of the foreshore of the fishery to enable it to carry out the purposes of the order.

APPEAL from a decision of Wills J. on further consideration after trial before a jury, reported [1901] 2 K. B. 870.

The plaintiffs were an ancient corporation incorporated by Royal Charter, and by a charter of 31 Eliz., confirming earlier charters, power was given to the plaintiffs “to hold, purchase, receive, and possess lands, tenements …. and hereditaments of what kind or nature soever they may be to them and their successors in fee and perpetuity, and also goods and chattels and other things of what nature or kind soever they may be.”

By an order of the Board of Trade made under the Sea Fisheries Act, 1868, and confirmed by the Oyster and Mussel Fisheries Order Confirmation Act, 1876, the power of regulating the oyster and mussel fishery in a part of the estuary of the Truro river, in the county of Cornwall, was conferred upon the plaintiff corporation. The order did not give the plaintiffs any power to acquire land on lease or otherwise. In June, 1897, the plaintiffs, in order to enable them to carry out more efficiently their powers under the order, obtained from the lord of the manor a lease of the foreshore of the estuary of the Truro river for a term of fourteen years. Owing to the fact that the water in which the oyster beds of the fishery were situate was contaminated by copper from mines in the neighbourhood, the oysters when freshly dredged were unfit for the market, and the fishermen had been used after dredging to lay the oysters for a certain period until they were fit for market upon a portion of the foreshore leased to the plaintiffs. It was the practice of the fishermen by an arrangement among themselves to allocate to each individual a particular spot for the depositing of his oysters, which spot was indicated by stakes or withies fixed in the ground. The defendant, a fisherman, in accordance with the practice, was in the habit of depositing the oysters dredged by him upon a particular portion of the foreshore leased to the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs sued the defendant in trespass. The defendant claimed to be entitled to use the foreshore in the manner complained of both by custom and also by the common law as incident to the public right of fishing. At the trial the jury found that the acts done by the defendant did not constitute an actual occupation of the soil, but were only incidental to the fishing for oysters, and that oyster fishing could not practically be carried on without them. The judge reserved for further consideration the questions whether the plaintiffs, being a municipal corporation, had power to take a lease of the foreshore, and had consequently any such title as would enable them to maintain an action of trespass, and whether the right of depositing the oysters on the foreshore could legally exist as an incident of the right of fishing for oysters. Upon further consideration the learned judge held, first, that the plaintiffs, having obtained an order from the Board of Trade conferring a right of regulating an oyster fishery under the Sea Fisheries Act, 1868, might by virtue of s. 41 of that Act...

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6 cases
  • Rodnall Ltd v Ludbrook
    • United Kingdom
    • Court of Appeal
    • 16 June 1954
    ...this office on short appointment. 2. No, a licence in mortmain is not necessary in the case of land held under a short lease - see Truro Corporation v. Rowe (1902) 2 KB 709, quoted with approval in the 1949 Edition of Halsbury Vol. 5 page 936. See also Tudor on Charities (5th Edition) page......
  • Attorney General v Parsons
    • United Kingdom
    • House of Lords
    • 19 December 1955
    ...8 at p. 83 note (g). These citations span a long period—from the Year Book 3 Edw. 4 to Truro Corporation v. Rowe [1901] 2 K.B. 870 & [1902] 2 K.B. 709—and, despite differences as to the effect of the Act of 1888, both of the standard works to which I have just referred seem at one in acce......
  • Hunter v Canary Wharf Ltd
    • United Kingdom
    • House of Lords
    • 24 April 1997
    ...the plaintiff would have a right of action, and I do not think that this case can be governed by the decision in the case of Corporation of Truro v. Rowe. There the contest arose between the owners of the foreshore and a person who claimed simply to be availing himself of a public right of ......
  • Morelle Ltd v Wakeling
    • United Kingdom
    • Court of Appeal
    • 3 March 1955
    ...assurances in mortmain, there has been none upon the relevant terms of the Act of 1888, except the case before Mr. Justice Wills of Truro Corporation v. Rowe, 1901, 2 King's Bench, page 870, which is not binding on this Court and which was criticised in the current Second Edition of Halsbur......
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