Learning from failure: cross-border confiscation in the EU
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-08-2018-0087 |
| Published date | 02 July 2019 |
| Date | 02 July 2019 |
| Pages | 683-691 |
| Author | Georgios Pavlidis |
Learning from failure: cross-border
confiscationintheEU
Georgios Pavlidis
School of Law, Neapolis University, Pafos, Cyprus
Abstract
Purpose –The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the strengths and weaknesses of a new
European Union (EU) initiative attempting an interesting paradigm shift in the fieldof cross-border asset
freezing and confiscation. The entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty and lessons learned from the manifest
failure of pastEU initiatives (Framework Decisions 2003/577/JHAand 2006/783/JHA) have allowed forsuch a
paradigmshift for the strengthening of mutual recognitionof freezing and confiscation orders in the EU.
Design/methodology/approach –This paper drawson reports, legal scholarship and other open source
data to examine a legislative innovationfor the mutual recognition of freezing and confiscation orders in the
EU.
Findings –The EU legislative initiative that will be examined is innovative in nature andgoes beyond
internationalnorms on cross-border asset freezing and confiscation. The new initiative needstobe integrated
into the broaderEU framework that targets criminal proceeds, and at the sametime, to be anchored to respect
for human rights.
Originality/value –This study examines the strengths andweaknesses of an important new EU
initiative, its compatibilitywith human rights standards and itsrelationship to international standards of
cross-borderasset freezing and confiscation.
Keywords European Union, Money laundering, Confiscation, Asset freezing, Mutual recognition,
Proceeds of crime
Paper type Research paper
1. Cross-border confiscation in the European Union: rhetoric or reality?
Since the days of the US War on Drugs in the 1970s, the goal of taking away the financial
gain of criminal activity (“crime does not pay”) has been praised time and again by
policymakers at nationaland international level. Nevertheless, there are reasonsto doubt the
effectiveness of the asset-tracing and confiscation strategies, which often seem more
aspirational than reality-based in cross-border confiscation cases (McTaggart, 2017).
Confiscation of the proceeds of crime is still not used to its full potential, despite legislative
and treaty progress in the past decades; this is especially true in cases of cross-border asset
tracing, freezing and confiscation, due to a lack of effective coordination or resources,
differences between the cooperating legal systems and a lack of trust between authorities,
failure to comply with international instruments, etc., (UNODC, 1993;UNODC, 2012;
UNODC, 2016).
At the European Union (EU) level, a staggering98.9 per cent of estimated criminal profits
are not confiscated and remainat the disposal of criminals. In other words, only a fractionof
the e110bn generated by illicit markets in the EU is eventually recovered (Europol, 2016;
European Commission, 2016a).This record is surely problematic, but it revealsan area with
potential for improvement, especially following the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon
and the “communitarisation”of police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters
(Mitsilegas, 2016;Trauner and Ripoll Servent, 2016;Herlin-Karnell, 2008). Furthermore,
there is a promising process for closer judicial cooperation in criminal matters in the EU,
Learning from
failure
683
Journalof Financial Crime
Vol.26 No. 3, 2019
pp. 683-691
© Emerald Publishing Limited
1359-0790
DOI 10.1108/JFC-08-2018-0087
The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available on Emerald Insight at:
www.emeraldinsight.com/1359-0790.htm
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