The Policing System of Hungary
| Author | F. Rubin |
| DOI | 10.1177/0032258X8005300105 |
| Date | 01 January 1980 |
| Published date | 01 January 1980 |
| Subject Matter | Article |
F. RUBIN
THE POLICING
SYSTEM
OF
HUNGARY
Introduction
Hungary became a succession state of the former Hapsburg
Empire after the end of World War I. The country, with a population
not exceeding 101
/2millions, is located in the heart of Europe and
occupies the inner portion of the oval-shaped Carpathian Basin.
Hungary is bordered by Czechoslovakia in the north, by the Soviet
Union and Romania in the east, by Yugoslavia in the south and by
Austria in the west. Hungary was Germany's last ally in World War
2. The country was a constitutional kingdom until the spring of 1945
when it became fully occupied by the Red Army. The peace treaty,
signed between Great Britain, the United States of America and the
Soviets in Paris on the 10th February, 1974,has restored
the
Trianon
Treaty (4.06.1920) frontiers and from then on Hungary's political
course begun to follow the gradual satellization process with the
Soviet Union. As Hungary's military occupation by the Red Army
has already started during the second half of 1944, a new, e.g.
provisional government of communists, social democrats, small
holders, national peasants and bourgeois radicals was also set up
under Soviet auspices during December, 1944. It has functioned as a
democratic coalition government for a short while and under which
Hungary has become a republic. Finally, in 1949 when Hungary had
adopted her present Constitution and which was modelled on the
Constitution of the USSR, the country became a "People's
Republic" and later amember of the Warsaw Pact and the
COMECON
economic alliance.
Short
Summary of the Near Past of Hungary's Policing
Before Hungary's occupation by the armed forces of the Soviet
Union, the country had been policed (from 1920) by the Royal
Hungarian State Police
(RHSP)
operatingin the capital of Budapest
and also in the medium and larger provincial towns, and by the
Royal Hungarian Gendarmerie (RHG) keeping law and order in
those territories which did
not
belong to the policing jurisdiction of
the
RHSP.
It
must be noted that the Criminal Investigation
Department of the
RHSP
with its exclusive and efficient Detective
Corps, has had 'the confirmed reputation as being second to that of
Scotland Yard's. IThis reputation was based on the high rate of crime
detection and to high rate of solving those crime cases when their
20 Police Journal January 1980
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