Debt Instruments in UK Law

Leading Cases
  • Re Sigma Finance Corporation (in Administrative Receivership)
    • Supreme Court
    • 29 Octubre 2009

    Sigma financed its investments over a 13 year period by debt securities issued or guaranteed by it. It entered into liquidity facilities intended to hedge against market liquidity risks. It entered into financial instruments intended to hedge against currency and interest rate risk. Others provided liquidity facilities, or entered into financial hedging instruments.

    In this type of case it is the wording of the instrument which is paramount. The instrument must be interpreted as a whole in the light of the commercial intention which may be inferred from the face of the instrument and from the nature of the debtor's business. Detailed semantic analysis must give way to business common sense: The Antaios [1985] AC 191, 201.

  • Richard Dale Agnew and Another v The Commissioner of Inland Revenue and Another
    • Privy Council
    • 05 Junio 2001

    Once these have been ascertained, the Court can then embark on the second stage of the process, which is one of categorisation. If their intention, properly gathered from the language of the instrument, is to grant the company rights in respect of the charged assets which are inconsistent with the nature of a fixed charge, then the charge cannot be a fixed charge however they may have chosen to describe it.

  • Lipkin Gorman (A Firm)(Original Appellants and Cross-Respondents) v Karpnale Ltd (Formerly Playboy Club of London Ltd) (Original Respondents and Cross-Appellants)
    • House of Lords
    • 06 Junio 1991

    At present I do not wish to state the principle any less broadly than this: that the defence is available to a person whose position has so changed that it would be inequitable in all the circumstances to require him to make restitution, or alternatively to make restitution in full.

  • Owen (Edward) Engineering Ltd v Barclays Bank International Ltd
    • Court of Appeal (Civil Division)
    • 20 Julio 1977

    It is not concerned in the least with the relations between the supplier and the customer; nor with the question whether the supplier has performed his contracts obligation or not; nor with the questionwhether the supplier is in default or not. The bank must pay according to its guarantee, on demand, if so stipulated, without proof or conditions. The only exception is when there is a clear fraud of which the bank has notice.

  • Rainy Sky SA and Others v Kookmin Bank
    • Court of Appeal (Civil Division)
    • 27 Mayo 2010

    Unless the most natural meaning of the words produces a result which is so extreme as to suggest that it was unintended, the Court has no alternative but to give effect it its terms. To do otherwise would be to risk imposing obligations on one or other party which they were never willing to assume and in circumstances which amount to no more than guesswork on the part on the Court.

  • Hyundai Shipbuilding & Heavy Industries Company Ltd v Pournaras
    • Court of Appeal (Civil Division)
    • 17 Mayo 1978

    with" and then these words are written in "Bouboulina Shipping ("the buyer'), the undersigned hereby irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees the payment in accordance with the terms of the contract of all sums due or to become due by the buyer to you under the contract, and in case the buyer is in default of any such payment the undersigned will forthwith make the payment in default on behalf of the buyer.

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Legislation
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Books & Journal Articles
  • Securitisation, Money Laundering and Fraud
    • No. 1-2, February 1997
    • Journal of Money Laundering Control
    • 148-153
    Securitisation is the process of raising finance by the issuing of bonds or commercial paper. In many cases the originator of the arrangement will, in return, be selling a package of existing loan ...
    ... ... return, be selling a package of existing loan assets in the form of debt instruments. The first of these arrangements is known as 'primary ... ...
  • Governance and optimal financing for asset‐backed securitization
    • No. 22-5, October 2004
    • Journal of Property Investment & Finance
    • 414-434
    Asset‐backed securitization (ABS) is an interesting financial innovation whereby debt instruments backed by cash flows generated from income‐producing assets are issued for investment purposes in t...
    ... ... and composition,legal protections and external market control via debt issuance. The agency problemsarising from the separations of the ... , ABS isreferred to a contractual arrangement whereby debt instruments backed by the cashflows generated from real estate assets are securitized ... ...
  • Is the third Greek Memoranda of Understanding and Loan Agreement of August 2015 odious?. Truth Committee on Public Debt in Greek or Hellenic Parliament and criticism on results
    • No. 20-3, July 2017
    • Journal of Money Laundering Control
    • 220-230
    Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the odious debt concept in Greece. In Greece, the odious debt concept received high attention during recent financial crisis and Greek or Hellenic P...
  • Monetary Policy and Corporate Debt Structure*
    • No. 84-3, June 2022
    • Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics
    • 0000
    This paper evaluates and compares the effects of conventional and unconventional monetary policies on the corporate debt structure in the United States. It does so by using a vector autoregression ...
    ... ... It does so byusing a vector autoregression in which policy shocks are identied through high-frequency external instruments. Our results show that both monetary policies shift thermscomposition of external nancing, though in a different way. An expansionaryconventional ... ...
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Law Firm Commentaries
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Forms
  • Form EX140
    • HM Courts & Tribunals Service court and tribunal forms
    County Court forms including the N1 money claim form.
    ... ... Dining Room suite ... Mobile telephone ... Musical instruments ... Other items… ... Do you own a motor ... Do you have any assets ... Does anyone owe you ... money, which is not a ... business debt or for work ... you have done? ... If Yes, who owes you money and how much ... ...
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