Attorney General's Reference (No. 1 of 2004); R v Edwards; R v Denton; R v Jackson; R v Hendley; R v Crowley

JurisdictionEngland & Wales
Judgment Date20 May 2004
Neutral Citation[2004] EWCA Crim 1332,[2004] EWCA Crim 1025
Docket NumberNo. 2001/00948/B5, 2002/04468/D5, 2002/04469/D5
CourtCourt of Appeal (Criminal Division)
Date20 May 2004

IN THE COURT OF APPEAL CRIMINAL DIVISION

Royal Courts of Justice

The Strand

London

WC2A 2LL

Before:

The Lord Chief Justice Of England And Wales

(the Lord Woolf Of Barnes)

The Deputy Chief Justice Of England And Wales

(lord Justice Judge)

Mr Justice Gage

Mr Justice Elias And

Mr Justice Stanley Burnton

No. 2001/00948/B5, 2002/04468/D5, 2002/04469/D5

2002/06679/B5, 2003/04202/C4 & 2003/06081/C5

In The Matter Of:

Attorney General's Reference No 1 Of 2004
And Between:
Regina
and
Errol Denton
Ruth Jackson
And Between:
Regina
and
Caroline Patricia Edwards
And Between:
Regina
and
Helen Crowley
And Between:
Regina
and
Ian Hendley

APPEARANCES: 2001/00948/B5

MR DAVID PERRY and MISS ADINA EZEKIEL

appeared on behalf of THE ATTORNEY GENERAL

MR DAVID HOLBORN appeared on behalf of THE APPLICANT

2002/04468/D5

MISS EMMA GOODALL and MR C HARGAN 929.04.04)

appeared on behalf of THE APPLICANTS ERROL DENTON and RUTH JACKSON

MR NICHOLAS HAM appeared on behalf of THE CROWN

2002/06679/B5

MR NEIL HINTON and MR J REYNOLDS (29.04.04)

appeared on behalf of THE APPLICANT CAROLINE PATRICIA EDWARDS

MR DAVID PERRY and MISS ADINA EZEKIEL

appeared on behalf of THE CROWN

2003/04202/C4

MR MICHAEL NEWPORT appeared on behalf of

THE APPLICANT HELEN CROWLEY

MISS AZZA BROWN appeared on behalf of THE CROWN

2003/06081/C5

MR NIGEL SWEENEY QC and MISS K WILKINSON (29.04.04)

appeared on behalf of THE APPLICANT IAN HENDLEY

MR MICHAEL BURROWS and MR BERNARD LINNEMANN

appeared on behalf of THE CROWN

Thursday 20 May 2004

1

The following questions were certified as points of law of general public importance:

2

(1)What are the legal principles which courts should apply when considering whether a particular statutory provision, which places a legal burden of proof on an accused person, is compatible with Article 6(2) of the European Convention on Human Rights?

3

(2)Having regard to those principles, is Section 4(2) of the Homicide Act 1957 compatible with Article 6(2) of the European Convention on Human Rights?

4

(3)Having regard to those principles, is Section 51(7) of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 compatible with Section 6(2) of the European Convention on Human Rights?

5

(4)Having regard to those principles, is Section 1(2) of the Protection from Eviction Act...

Get this document and AI-powered insights with a free trial of vLex and Vincent AI

Get Started for Free

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex
22 cases
  • Sheldrake v DPP
    • United Kingdom
    • House of Lords
    • 14 October 2004
    ... ... ) (Conjoined Appeals) [2004] UKHL 43 ... The Appellate Committee ... FOR JUDGMENT IN THE CAUSE Attorney General's Reference No 4 of 2002 (On Appeal from ... My Lords, ... 1 Sections 5(2) of the Road Traffic Act 1988 ... of probabilities, lay on him: R v Edwards [1975] QB 27 ; R v Hunt (Richard) [1987] ... ...
  • DPP v Wright
    • United Kingdom
    • Queen's Bench Division (Administrative Court)
    • 4 February 2009
    ...to most of which we have already referred. He did not agree with the Court of Appeal in Attorney General's Reference (No 1 of 2004) [2004] 1 WLR 2111, that there was a significant difference of emphasis between the approach of Lord Steyn in Lambert and that of Lord Nicholls in Johnstone, an......
  • Lee Robert Foye v The Queen
    • United Kingdom
    • Court of Appeal (Criminal Division)
    • 24 April 2013
    ...cases heard together by a five judge court presided over by the Lord Chief Justice in Attorney-General's Reference No 1 of 2004 [2004] EWCA Crim 1025; [2004] 1 WLR 2111 where some provisions for reverse onus were held incompatible with Article 6(2), whilst others were not. This court held t......
  • R Robert Griffin (Claimant) Richmond Magistrates' Court (Defendant) The Department of Business Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Interested Party
    • United Kingdom
    • Queen's Bench Division (Administrative Court)
    • 19 November 2008
    ...of their subject matter. In paragraph 32 he stated: ‘32 The House was not addressed on the cases decided in Attorney-General's Reference (No 1 of 2004) [2004] 1 WLR 2111. In the absence of argument, I would incline to agree with the Court of Appeal's conclusion in each case and would in par......
  • Get Started for Free
16 books & journal articles
  • ENLARGED PANELS IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF SINGAPORE
    • Singapore
    • Singapore Academy of Law Journal No. 2019, December - January 2019
    • 1 December 2019
    ...R v Watson [1988] 1 QB 690; Taylor v Lawrence [2003] QB 528; R v Simpson [2004] QB 118; Attorney General's Reference (No 1 of 2004) [2004] 1 WLR 2111; Matthew v State of Trinidad and Tobago [2005] 1 AC 433; Attorney General for Jersey v Holley [2005] 2 AC 580; R v Rowe [2007] QB 975; Secret......
  • Reverse Burden and Article 6(2) of the European Convention on Human Rights: Drunk in Charge; Terrorism Offence
    • United Kingdom
    • Sage Journal of Criminal Law, The No. 69-6, December 2005
    • 1 December 2005
    ...in this area. However, itdoes refer to the decision of the enlarged Court of Appeal in Attorney-General’s Reference (No. 1 of 2004) [2004] EWCA Crim 1025, (2005) 69JCL 34, which concerned a cluster of reverse burden cases and sought toprovide general guidance on the interpretation of revers......
  • Court of Appeal
    • United Kingdom
    • Sage Journal of Criminal Law, The No. 69-1, February 2005
    • 1 February 2005
    ...Burden and Article 6(2) of the EuropeanConvention on Human Rights: General GuidanceAttorney-General’s Reference (No. 1 of 2004) [2004] EWCA Crim 1025This was a consolidated appeal, heard by a f‌ive-judge panel of the Courtof Appeal. Five appeals were heard, relating to various reverse burde......
  • Child Pornography: Balancing Substantive and Evidential Law to Safeguard Children Effectively from Abuse
    • United Kingdom
    • Sage International Journal of Evidence & Proof, The No. 9-1, January 2005
    • 1 January 2005
    ...UKHL 43 at [47].89 Ibid. at [27].90 [2003] 1 WLR 1736 at 1751.91 Above n. 72 at 138.92 Attorney-General’s Reference (No. 1 of 2004) [2004] EWCA Crim 1025 at 44 THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE & PROOFBALANCING SUBSTANTIVE AND EVIDENTIAL LAW TO SAFEGUARD CHILDREN FROM ABUSEdistributing ......
  • Get Started for Free